Browsing Research Articles (Medical Virology) by Author "Madhi, Shabir A."

Browsing Research Articles (Medical Virology) by Author "Madhi, Shabir A."

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  • Assessing the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease using polymerase chain reaction-based surveillance : an experience from South Africa 
    Tempia, Stefano; Wolter, Nicole; Cohen, Cheryl; Walaza, Sibongile; Von Mollendorf, Claire; Cohen, Adam L.; Moyes, Jocelyn; De Gouveia, Linda; Nzenze, Susan; Treurnicht, Florette; Venter, Marietjie; Groome, Michelle J.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Von Gottberg, Anne (BioMed Central, 2015-10-26)
    BACKGROUND : The use of molecular diagnostic techniques for the evaluation of the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has not been documented. We aimed to evaluate the impact of PCVs on invasive pneumococcal ...
  • Attributable fraction of influenza virus detection to mild and severe respiratory illnesses in HIV-Infected and HIV-uninfected patients, South Africa, 2012–2016 
    Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; Moyes, Jocelyn; Cohen, Adam L.; Von Mollendorf, Claire; McMorrow, Meredith L.; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Venter, Marietjie; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Hellferscee, Orienka; Wolter, Nicole; Von Gottberg, Anne; Nguweneza, Athermon; McAnerney, Johanna M.; Dawood, Halima; Variava, Ebrahim; Madhi, Shabir A.; Cohen, Cheryl (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2017-07)
    The attributable fraction (AF) of influenza virus detection to illness has not been described for patients in different age groups or with different HIV infection statuses. We compared the age group–specific prevalence of ...
  • Deaths associated with respiratory syncytial and influenza viruses among persons greater or equal to 5 years of age in HIV- prevalent area, South Africa, 1998 - 2009 
    Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; Vibound, Cecile; Cohen, Adam L.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Venter, Marietjie; Von Mollendorf, Claire; Moyes, Jocelyn; McAnerney, Johanna M.; Cohen, Cheryl (Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2015-04)
    We estimated deaths attributable to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among persons >5 years of age in South Africa during 1998–2009 by applying regression models to monthly deaths and laboratory surveillance ...
  • Development of a respiratory severity score for hospitalized adults in a high HIV-prevalence setting—South Africa, 2010-2011 
    Millman, Alexander J.; Greenbaum, Adena; Walaza, Sibongile; Cohen, Adam L.; Groome, Michelle J.; Reed, Carrie; McMorrow, Meredith; Tempia, Stefano; Venter, Marietjie; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Cohen, Cheryl; Variava, Ebrahim (BioMed Central, 2017-02-02)
    BACKGROUND : Acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are a frequent cause of hospitalization and mortality in South Africa; however, existing respiratory severity scores may underestimate mortality risk in ...
  • Diarrhoeal diseases in Soweto, South Africa, 2020 : a cross-sectional community survey 
    Johnstone, Siobhan L.; Page, Nicola Anne; Thomas, Juno; Madhi, Shabir A.; Mutevedzi, Portia; Myburgh, Nellie; Herrera, Carlos; Groome, Michelle J. (BioMed Central, 2021-07-20)
    BACKGROUND : In South Africa, there are limited data on the burden of diarrhoea at a community level, specifically in older children and adults. This community survey estimated rates of and factors associated with diarrhoea ...
  • The effects of the attributable fraction and the duration of symptoms on burden estimates of influenza-associated respiratory illnesses in a high HIV prevalence setting, South Africa, 2013-2015 
    Tempia, Stefano; Walaza, Sibongile; Moyes, Jocelyn; Cohen, Adam L.; Von Mollendorf, Claire; McMorrow, Meredith L.; Mhlanga, Sarona; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Venter, Marietjie; Pretorius, Marthi A.; Hellferscee, Orienka; Wolter, Nicole; Von Gottberg, Anne; Nguweneza, Arthemon; McAnerney, Johanna M.; Dawood, Halima; Variava, Ebrahim; Madhi, Shabir A.; Cohen, Cheryl (Wiley Open Access, 2018-05)
    BACKGROUND : The attributable fraction of influenza virus detection to illness (INF-AF) and the duration of symptoms as a surveillance inclusion criterion could potentially have substantial effects on influenza disease ...
  • Emergence and phenotypic characterization of the global SARS-CoV-2 C.1.2 lineage 
    Scheepers, Cathrine; Everatt, Josie; Amoako, Daniel G.; Tegally, Houriiyah; Wibmer, Constantinos Kurt; Mnguni, Anele; Ismail, Arshad; Mahlangu, Boitshoko; Lambson, Bronwen E.; Martin, Darren P.; Wilkinson, Eduan; San, James Emmanuel; Giandhari, Jennifer; Manamela, Nelia; Ntuli, Noxolo; Kgagudi, Prudence; Cele, Sandile; Richardson, Simone I.; Pillay, Sureshnee; Mohale, Thabo; Ramphal, Upasana; Naidoo, Yeshnee; Khumalo, Zamantungwa Thobeka Happiness; Kwatra, Gaurav; Gray, Glenda; Bekker, Linda‑Gail; Madhi, Shabir A.; Baillie, Vicky; Van Voorhis, Wesley C.; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Venter, Marietjie; Mlisana, Koleka; Wolter, Nicole; Sigal, Alex; Williamson, Carolyn; Hsiao, Nei-yuan; Msomi, Nokukhanya; Maponga, Tongai; Preiser, Wolfgang; Makatini, Zinhle; Lessells, Richard; Moore, Penny L.; De Oliveira, Tulio; Von Gottberg, Anne; Bhiman, Jinal N. (Nature Research, 2022-04-08)
    Global genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has identified variants associated with increased transmissibility, neutralization resistance and disease severity. Here we report the emergence of the PANGO lineage C.1.2, ...
  • Enterovirus D68 and other enterovirus serotypes identified in South African patients with severe acute respiratory illness, 2009-2011 
    Hellferscee, Orienka; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Tempia, Stefano; Variava, Ebrahim; Dawood, Halima; Kahn, Kathleen; Cohen, Adam L.; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Cohen, Cheryl; Madhi, Shabir A.; Venter, Marietjie (Wiley Open Access, 2017-04)
    BACKGROUND : Human enteroviruses (EV) have been associated with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) in South Africa. OBJECTIVES : We aimed to describe the molecular epidemiology of EV serotypes among patients ...
  • Epidemiology of acute lower respiratory tract infection in HIV exposed uninfected infants 
    Cohen, Cheryl; Moyes, Jocelyn; Tempia, Stefano; Groome, Michelle; Walaza, Sibongile; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Naby, Fathima; Mekgoe, Omphile; Kahn, Kathleen; Von Gottberg, Anne; Wolter, Nicole; Cohen, Adam L.; Von Mollendorf, Claire; Venter, Marietjie; Madhi, Shabir A. (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2016-04)
    BACKGROUND : Increased morbidity and mortality from lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) abstract has been suggested in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children; however, the contribution of respiratory viruses is ...
  • Epidemiology of human astroviruses among children younger than 5 years : prospective hospital‐based sentinel surveillance in South Africa, 2009‐2014 
    Nadan, Sandrama; Taylor, Maureen B.; Groome, Michelle J.; Cohen, Cheryl; Madhi, Shabir A.; Page, Nicola Anne (Wiley, 2019-02)
    BACKGROUND : The epidemiology of human astroviruses (HAstVs) in hospitalised patients less than 5 years of age from selected sites in South Africa was investigated. Diarrheagenic stool specimens collected from April 2009 ...
  • Epidemiology of influenza B/Yamagata and B/Victoria lineages in South Africa, 2005-2014 
    Seleka, Mpho; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Tempia, Stefano; Hellferscee, Orienka; Mtshali, Senzo; Cohen, Adam L.; Buys, Amelia; McAnerney, Johanna M.; Besselaar, Terry G.; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Von Gottberg, Anne; Walaza, Sibongile; Cohen, Cheryl; Madhi, Shabir A.; Venter, Marietjie (Public Library of Science, 2017-05-25)
    BACKGROUND : Studies describing the epidemiology of influenza B lineages in South Africa are lacking. METHODS : We conducted a prospective study to describe the circulation of influenza B/Victoria and B/ Yamagata lineages ...
  • Epidemiology of influenza virus types and subtypes in South Africa, 2009-2012 
    Cohen, Adam L.; Hellferscee, Orienka; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Walaza, Sibongile; Madhi, Shabir A.; Groome, Michelle; Dawood, Halima; Variava, Ebrahim; Kahn, Kathleen; Wolter, Nicole; Von Gottberg, Anne; Tempia, Stefano; Venter, Marietjie; Cohen, Cheryl (Coordinating Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014-07)
    To determine clinical and epidemiologic differences between influenza caused by different virus types and subtypes, we identified patients and tested specimens. Patients were children and adults hospitalized with confirmed ...
  • Epidemiology of severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) among adults and children aged 5 years in a high HIV-prevalence Setting, 2009–2012 
    Cohen, Cheryl; Walaza, Sibongile; Moyes, Jocelyn; Groome, Michelle; Tempia, Stefano; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Hellferscee, Orienka; Dawood, Halima; Haffejee, Summaya; Variava, Ebrahim; Kahn, Kathleen; Tshangela, Akhona; Von Gottberg, Anne; Wolter, Nicole; Cohen, Adam L.; Kgokong, Babatyi; Venter, Marietjie; Madhi, Shabir A. (Public Library of Science, 2015-02-23)
    OBJECTIVE There are few published studies describing severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) epidemiology amongst older children and adults from high HIV-prevalence settings. We aimed to describe SARI epidemiology amongst ...
  • Epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection among children < 5 years of age in a high HIV prevalence setting, South Africa, 2009-2012 
    Cohen, Cheryl; Walaza, Sibongile; Moyes, Jocelyn; Groome, Michelle; Tempia, Stefano; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Hellferscee, Orienka; Dawood, Halima; Chhagan, Meera; Naby, Fathima; Haffejee, Summaya; Variava, Ebrahim; Kahn, Kathleen; Nzenze, Susan; Tshangela, Akhona; Von Gottberg, Anne; Wolter, Nicole; Cohen, Adam L.; Kgokong, Babatyi; Venter, Marietjie; Madhi, Shabir A. (Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2015-01)
    BACKGROUND : Data on the epidemiology of viral-associated acute lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) from high HIV prevalence settings are limited. We aimed to describe LRTI hospitalizations among South African children ...
  • Evaluation of two influenza surveillance systems in South Africa 
    Budgell, Eric; Cohen, Adam L.; McAnerney, Johanna M.; Walaza, Sibongile; Madhi, Shabir A.; Blumberg, Lucille Hellen; Dawood, Halima; Kahn, Kathleen; Tempia, Stefano; Venter, Marietjie; Chohen, Cheryl (Public Library of Science, 2015-03-30)
    BACKGROUND The World Health Organisation recommends outpatient influenza-like illness (ILI) and inpatient severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) surveillance. We evaluated two influenza surveillance systems in South ...
  • Evolutionary dynamics of 2009 pandemic influenza A virus subtype H1N1 in South Africa during 2009–2010 
    Venter, Marietjie; Naidoo, Dhamari; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Buys, Amelia; McAnerney, Johanna M.; Blumberg, Lucille Hellen; Madhi, Shabir A.; Cohen, Cheryl; Schoub, Barry D. (Oxford University Press, 2012-12)
    BACKGROUND: 2009 Pandemic Influenza A(H1N1) was first detected in June 2009 in South Africa and later resulted in extensive transmission throughout Africa. Established routine surveillance programmes and collaboration ...
  • Genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of human rhinoviruses in South Africa 
    Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Tempia, Stefano; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Walaza, Sibongile; Cohen, Adam L.; Moyes, Jocelyn; Hellferscee, Orienka; Variava, Ebrahim; Dawood, Halima; Chhagan, Meera; Haffejee, Summaya; Madhi, Shabir A.; Cohen, Cheryl; Venter, Marietjie (Wiley, 2014-07-03)
    BACKGROUND Rhinoviruses (RV) are a well-established cause of respiratory illness. RV-C has been associated with more severe illness. We aimed to characterize and compare the clinical presentations and disease severity ...
  • HIV and influenza infection are associated with increased blood pneumococcal load : a prospective, hospital-based observational study in South Africa, 2009–2011 
    Wolter, Nicole; Cohen, Cheryl; Tempia, Stefano; Madhi, Shabir A.; Venter, Marietjie; Moyes, Jocelyn; Walaza, Sibongile; Kgokong, Babatyi; Groome, Michelle; Du Plessis, Mignon; Pretorius, Marthi Andréa; Dawood, Halima; Kahn, Kathleen; Variava, Ebrahim; Klugman, Keith P.; Von Gottberg, Anne (Oxford University Press, 2014-01)
    BACKGROUND : Increased pneumococcal loads are associated with severe outcomes. We determined the prevalence of pneumococcal DNA in blood specimens from patients hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infection and ...
  • Identifying gaps in hand hygiene practice to support tailored target audience messaging in Soweto : a cross-sectional community survey 
    Johnstone, Siobhan L.; Page, Nicola Anne; Groome, Michelle J.; Madhi, Shabir A.; Mutevedzi, Portia; Thomas, Juno (AOSIS, 2022-03-31)
    Effective risk communication is essential for outbreak mitigation, as recently highlighted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Hand hygiene is one of the proposed public health interventions to protect ...
  • Influenza vaccination of pregnant women and protection of their infants 
    Madhi, Shabir A.; Cutland, Clare L.; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Weinberg, Adriana; Hugo, Andrea; Jones, Stephanie; Adrian, Peter V.; Van Niekerk, Nadia; Treurnicht, Florette K.; Ortiz, Justin R.; Venter, Marietjie; Violari, Avy; Neuzil, Kathleen M.; Simoes, Eric A.F.; Klugman, Keith P.; Nunes, Marta C. (Massachusetts Medical Society, 2014)
    BACKGROUND There are limited data on the efficacy of vaccination against confirmed influenza in pregnant women with and those without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and protection of their infants. METHODS We ...