Antibiotic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Africa : a systematic review of current reports of molecular epidemiology, mechanisms and diagnostics

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dc.contributor.author Osei Sekyere, John
dc.contributor.author Reta, Melese Abate
dc.contributor.author Maningi, Nontuthuko Excellent
dc.contributor.author Fourie, P.B. (Petrus Bernardus)
dc.date.accessioned 2020-02-25T12:17:19Z
dc.date.issued 2019-12
dc.description Figure S1: Frequency of M. tuberculosis Lineages/sub-lineages in Africa, January 2007-December 2018: Frequency of Indo-oceanic lineage/sub-lineages (A); Beijing sublineage (B); CAS-sublineage (C), Euro-American lineage/sub-lineages (D); M. africanum West Africa I & II (E); M. tuberculosis Eth lineage 7 and sub-lineages (F); and proportion of each M. tuberculosis lineage in Africa (G). en_ZA
dc.description Table S1: Distribution of M. tuberculosis complex strains, specimen source/s, genotyping method/s, molecular anti-TB drug resistance rate and resistance mechanisms in M. tb across African countries, January 2007 to December 2018 en_ZA
dc.description Table S2: Resistance mechanisms, molecular diagnosis method/s used, frequency and proportion of gene mutation per total resistant M. tuberculosis complex isolates across African countries, January 2007- December 2018 en_ZA
dc.description Table S3: Molecular antibiotics resistance rates and resistance mechanisms in M. tuberculosis complex across African countries, January 2007-December 2018. en_ZA
dc.description Table S4: Frequency of gene mutation(s) and specific amino acid/nucleotide changes conferring antitubercular drug resistances across African countries January 2007- December 2018 en_ZA
dc.description Table S5: Distribution of specimen source/s, phenotypic DST method/s used, total number of isolates, and phenotypic antibiotics monoresistance rate, MDR and XDR rate of M. tb complex across African countries, January 2007- December 2018 en_ZA
dc.description Table S6: Distribution of genotypes/lineages/sub-lineages, frequency and patterns of antibiotics resistance-conferring mutations across African countries, January 2007- December 2018 en_ZA
dc.description Supplementary dataset 1: Metadata of M. tuberculosis isolates included in phylogenomic analyses. en_ZA
dc.description Supplementary dataset 2: Country-by-country frequency of lineage and sub-lineage of M. tuberculosis in Africa: January 2007-December 2018 en_ZA
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND : Tuberculosis (TB) remains a main global public health problem. However, a systematic review of TB resistance epidemiology in Africa is wanting. METHODS : A comprehensive systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science and ScienceDirect for English research articles reporting on the molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex resistance in Africa from January 2007 to December 2018 was undertaken. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION : Qualitative and quantitative synthesis were, respectively, undertaken with 232 and 186 included articles, representing 32 countries. TB monoresistance rate was highest for isoniazid (59%) and rifampicin (27%), particularly in Zimbabwe (100%), Swaziland (100%), and Sudan (67.9%) whilst multidrug resistance (MDR) rate was substantial in Zimbabwe (100%), Sudan (34.6%), Ivory Coast (24.5%) and Ethiopia (23.9%). Resistance-conferring mutations were commonly found in katG (n = 3694), rpoB (n = 3591), rrs (n = 1272), inhA (n = 1065), pncA (n = 1063) and embB (n = 705) in almost all included countries: S315G/I/N/R/T, V473D/F/G/I, Q471H/Q/R/Y, S303C/L etc. in katG; S531A/F/S/G, H526A/C/D/G, D516A/E/G etc. in rpoB; A1401G, A513C etc. in rrs; -15C→T, -17G→A/T, -16A→G etc. in inhA; Ins456C, Ins 172 G, L172P, C14R, Ins515G etc. in pncA. Commonest lineages and families such as T (n = 8139), LAM (n = 5243), Beijing (n = 5471), Cameroon (n = 3315), CAS (n = 2021), H (n = 1773) etc., with the exception of T, were not fairly distributed; Beijing, Cameroon and CAS were prevalent in South Africa (n = 4964), Ghana (n = 2306), and Ethiopia/Tanzania (n = 799/635), respectively. Resistance mutations were not lineage-specific and sputum (96.2%) were mainly used for diagnosing TB resistance using the LPA (38.5%), GeneXpert (17.2%), whole-genome sequencing (12.3%) and PCR/amplicon sequencing (9%/23%). Intercountry spread of strains was limited while intra-country dissemination was common. TB resistance and its diagnosis remain a major threat in Africa, necessitating urgent action to contain this global menace. en_ZA
dc.description.department Medical Microbiology en_ZA
dc.description.embargo 2020-12-01
dc.description.librarian hj2020 en_ZA
dc.description.uri http://www.elsevierhealth.com/journals/jinf en_ZA
dc.identifier.citation Osei Sekyere, J., Reta, M.A., Maningi, N.E. et al. 2019, 'Antibiotic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Africa : a systematic review of current reports of molecular epidemiology, mechanisms and diagnostics', Journal of Infection, vol. 79, no. 6, pp. 550-571. en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 0163-4453 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1532-2742 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.10.006
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/73549
dc.language.iso en en_ZA
dc.publisher Elsevier en_ZA
dc.rights © 2019 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Infection. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Infection, vol. 79, no. 6, pp. 550-571, 2019. doi : 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.10.006. en_ZA
dc.subject Molecular epidemiology en_ZA
dc.subject Antibiotic resistance en_ZA
dc.subject Antitubercular drugs en_ZA
dc.subject Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) en_ZA
dc.subject Tuberculosis (TB) en_ZA
dc.subject Africa en_ZA
dc.title Antibiotic resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in Africa : a systematic review of current reports of molecular epidemiology, mechanisms and diagnostics en_ZA
dc.type Postprint Article en_ZA


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