dc.contributor.author |
Amparo, Anna Charinna B.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Jayme, Sarah I.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Roces, Maria Concepcion R.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Quizon, Maria Consorcia L.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Ernesto E. S., Villalon III
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Quiambao, Beatriz P.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Baquilod, Mario S.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Hernandez, Leda M.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Taylor, Louise H.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Nel, Louis Hendrik
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2018-11-16T08:52:11Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2018-11-16T08:52:11Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2018-07-12 |
|
dc.description |
S1 Fig. Recent case incidence (2014±16) vs (A) ABTC density and (B) human population
density for provinces. |
en_ZA |
dc.description |
S2 Fig. Mean ±SE of recent case incidence for municipalities by income class. |
en_ZA |
dc.description |
S1 Table. (A) Documents and datasets reviewed and (B) Key informant interviews conducted
to understand the operation of ABTCs in the Philippines. |
en_ZA |
dc.description |
S2 Table. ABTCs and rabies deaths per province, based on national data. |
en_ZA |
dc.description |
S3 Table. Summary of ABTC operational costs and funders for study ABTCs in 2016. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.abstract |
BACKGROUND : The Philippine government has an extensive network of 513 Animal Bite Treatment Centers (ABTCs) to supply rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP), reaching over 1 million bite victims in 2016. The network was evaluated using a review of existing national and provincial data, key informant interviews and surveys in sample ABTCs to determine the cost-effectiveness of this network in preventing human rabies deaths.
METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS : One urban and one rural ABTC in each of three selected provinces were studied in more detail. PEP delivery generally followed national guidance based on best practices, but there was evidence of operational challenges in supplying all ABTCs with adequate biologics and recently trained staff. Funding was contributed by different levels of government and in some clinics, patients paid for a significant fraction of the total cost. From a health provider perspective including both fixed and variable costs, the average PEP course delivered cost USD 32.91 /patient across urban ABTCs (with higher patient throughput) and USD 57.21 /patient across rural ABTCs. These costs suggests that PEP provision in the Philippines cost USD 37.6 million in 2016, with a cost per life saved of USD 8,290. An analysis of the 2,239 suspected rabies deaths from 2008 to 2016 showed no significant decline, and from 2014–16 an average of 8,534 years of life were lost annually. The incidence of rabies deaths from 2014–16 was not clearly related to the provision of ABTCs (per 100,000 population) or human population density, but deaths were more common in higher income provinces.
CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE : In the context of comprehensive rabies control (including dog vaccination and public awareness) ways to reduce this high expenditure on PEP should be explored, to most cost-effectively reach the elimination of human rabies deaths. This paper is accompanied by another containing data on the operation of ABTCs network from a patient perspective. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Veterinary Tropical Diseases |
en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian |
am2018 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.sponsorship |
The Global Alliance for Rabies Control
(USA) received funds from GlaxoSmithKline
Biologicals SA (Belgium) to undertake the study.
ACBA, SIJ, LHT, MCR, and MCLQ were funded
proportionate to their time spent on the study. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
http://www.plosone.org |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Amparo ACB, Jayme SI, Roces MCR,
Quizon MCL, Villalon EES, III, Quiambao BP, et al.
(2018) The evaluation of operating Animal Bite
Treatment Centers in the Philippines from a health
provider perspective. PLoS ONE 13(7): e0199186.
https://DOI.org/ 10.1371/journal.pone.0199186. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
1932-6203 (online) |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.1371/journal.pone.0199186 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/67279 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
Public Library of Science |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
© 2018 Amparo et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Philippine government |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Network |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Animal bite treatment center (ABTC) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Rabies vaccine |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Cost effectiveness analysis |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Evidence based medicine |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Health care cost |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Health care personnel |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Incidence |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
The evaluation of operating animal bite treatment centers in the Philippines from a health provider perspective |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Article |
en_ZA |