1988 Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, Volume 55, 1988

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/42093

Contentes Pages: Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol ??, 19??

CONTENTS

*Volume 55: Number 1*

An ELISA using an SDS extract of Brucella abortus strain 99 as antigen to detect B. abortus antibodies in cattle sera	Williamson, CC, Oberem, PT, Poerstamper, C, De Waal, DT, Matthee, O & Brett, OL	1

Broiler pulmonary hypertension syndrome. III. Commercial broiler strains differ in their susceptibility	Huchzermeyer, FW, De Ruyck, AMC & Van Ark, H	5

The developmental success of Amblyomma hebraeum and Amblyomma marmoreum on the leopard tortoise, Geochelone pardalis	Horak, IG, Dower, KM & Petney, TN	11

The characteristics of a variant strain of Brucella melitensis Rev I	Gummow, B, Pieterson, PM, Pefanis, SM, Venter, CG & Herr, S	15

Arthropod parasites of common reedbuck, Redunca arundinum, in Natal	Horak, IG, Boomker, JDF, Keep, ME & Flamand, JRB	19

Ascites and the anatomy of the peritoneal sacs of broilers	Bezuidenhout, AJ	23

Experimental transmission of jaagsiekte (ovine pulmonary adenomatosis) to goats	Verwoerd, DW, Tustin, RC, York, DF, Williamson, AL	27

Isolation of pure Babesia equi and Babesia caballi organisms in splenectomized horses from endemic areas in South Africa	Stegmann, GF, De Waal, DT, Van Heerden, J, Van Den Berg, SS & Potgieter, FT	33

The clinical pathology of heartwater. I. Haematology and blood chemistry	Guthrie, AJ, Bertschinger, HJ, Van Amstel, SR, Reyers, F & Oberem, PT	37

The passive protection of lambs against Clostridium perfringens type D with semi-purified hyperimmune serum	Odendaal, MW, Visser, JJ, Botha, WJS & Prinsloo, H	47

The pathology of chronic Drechslera campanulata toxicosis in inbred rats	Collett, MG, Fincham, JE, Tustin, RC, Joubert, G, Marasas, WFO	51

Research communications:

The indirect fluorescent antibody technique for the rapid identification of streptococcosis of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)	Bragg, RR	59

A comparison of fixatives suitable for scanning electron microscopy of Habronema spp.	Krecek, RC, Van Niekerk, JP, Els, HJ	63

Further observations on the electrophoretic characterization of South African Schistosoma mattheei and S. haematobium	Kruger, FJ	67

Wildebeest-derived malignant catarrhal fever : unusual epidemiology in South Africa	Barnard, BJH, Van de Pypekamp, HE	69

Aerobic metabolism of trehalose in the taxonomy of coagulase negative staphylococci	Erasmus, JA	73

The use of domestic chickens as laboratory hosts of the larvae of the bont tick, Amblyomma hebraeum	Holley, AD, Petney, TN	75


*Volume 55: Number 2*

The suitability of a rolled BHK21monolayer system for the production of vaccines against the SAT types of foot-and-mouth disease virus. I. Adaptation of virus isolates to the system, immunogen yields achieved and assessment of subtype cross reactivity	Thomson, GR, Esterhuysen, JJ, Ashford, WA, Lentz, DW, Gainaru, MD, Sayer, AJ, Meredith, CD, Janse Van Rensburg, D & Pini, A	77

The isolation of Campylobacter hyointestinalis from a pig in South Africa	Van der Walt, ML & Van der Lugt, JJ	85

A survey of Karoo tick paralysis in South Africa	Spickett, AM & Heyne, H	89

An ultrastructural study of the development of Babesia occultans in the salivary glands of adult Hyalomma marginatum rufipes	Blouin, EF & Van Rensburg, L	93

Culicoides species associated with livestock in the Stellenbosch area of the Western Cape Province, Republic of South Africa (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)	Venter, GJ, Nevill, EM, Edwardes, M, Pajor, ITP, Meiswinkel, R & Van Gas, JH	101

Avian pulmonary hypertension syndrome. IV. Increased right ventricular mass in turkeys experimentally infected with Plasmodium durae	Huchzermeyer, FW	107

The clinical pathology of heartwater. II. Studies on cardiac and pulmonary function in 4 calves with experimentally-induced heartwater	Guthrie, AJ, Van Amstel, SR, Oberem, PT, Killeen, VM & Matthee, O	109

Research communications:

An investigation into alternative methods for the diagnosis of dourine	Stoltsz, WH, Williamson, CC, Mattheus, A & Schiele, GJ	117

Failure of Haematobia thirouxi potans (Bezzi) to transmit foot-and-mouth disease virus mechanically between viraemic and susceptible cattle	Thomson, GR, Braack, LEO, Doube, BM, Gainaru, MD & Bengis, RG	121

Mycoplasma mycoides recovered from the frontal sinus of an ox	Trichard, CJV & Jacobsz, EP	123

Freeze-drying of Aegyptianella pullorum	Huchzermeyer, FW, Bartkowiak, RA, Potgieter, FT, Van Rensburg, L, Labuschagne, FJ & Van Biljon, BJ	125


*Volume 55: Number 3*

The possible involvement of immunosuppression caused by a lentivirus in the aetiology of jaagsiekte and pasteurellosis in sheep	Verwoerd, DW, Myer, MS, Huchzermeyer, HFAK, York, DF, Hunter, P & Garnett, HM	127

Aggregation pheromones of the bont tick Amblyomma hebraeum: identification of candidates for bioassay	Apps, PJ, Viljoen, HW & Pretorius, V	135

Isolation and identification of trout viruses in South Africa	Bragg, RR & Combrink, ME	139

Parasites of domestic and wild animals in South Africa. XXlll. Helminth and arthropod parasites of warthogs, Phacochoerus aethiopicus, in the eastern Transvaal Lowveld	Horak, IG, Boomker, J, De Vos, V & Potgieter, FT	145

The tegument of Schistosoma hippopotami from Hippopotamus amphibius in the Kruger National Park	Kruger, FJ, Hamilton-Attwell, VL, Joubert, PH & Visser, PS	153

Fasciola in horses in the Republic of South Africa: a single natural case of Fasciola hepatica and the failure to infest ten horses either with F. hepatica or Fasciola gigantica	Van Wyk, JA, Alves, RMR & Van Rensburg, LJ	157

The flrst isolations of Campylobacter mucosalis from pigs in South Africa	Spencer, BT, Loveday, RK & Van der Walt, ML	165

Immunization procedure-related immunoglobulin levels in the development of antibodies against Cysticercus cellulosae	Contrafatto, G & Pammenter, MD	169

Comparative feeding behaviour and food preferences of oxpeckers (Buphagus erythrorhynchus and B. africanus) in captivity	Stutterheim, IM, Bezuidenhout, JD & Elliot, EGR	173

The isolation and serology of the "FSA" Brucella melitensis Rev.1 mutant in a flock of sheep	Gummow, B, Pefanis, SM, Pieterson, PM, Williamson, CC, Venter, CG & Herr, S	181

Research communications:

The presence of the trichostrongylid Teladorsagia davtiani in sheep in the southwestern Cape	Louw, JP	185

Notes on the occurrence of tubercular spines in Schistosoma margrebowiei and Schistosoma mattheei	Kruger, FJ, Hamilton-Attwell, VL, Tiedt, L, Visser, PS & Joubert, PH	187

Serological reactions to Leptospira species in game animals of northern Natal	Myburgh, JG, Hunter, P, Flamand, JRB & Van der Merwe, SM	191


*Volume 55: Number 4*

A field outbreak in Ile-de-France sheep of a cardiotoxicosis caused by the plant Pachystigma pygmaeum (Schltr) Robyns (Rubiaceae)	Prozesky, L, Fourie, N, Neser, JA & Nel, PW	193

Leukoencephalomalacia in a horse induced by fumonisin B1isolated from Fusarium moniliforme	Coetzer, JAW, Marasas, WFO, Kellerman, TS, Gelderblom, WCA, Thiel, PG & Van der Lugt, JJ	197

The use of electronarcosis as anaesthetic in the cichlid, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). II. The effects of changing physical and electrical parameters on the narcotizing ability of alternating current	Barham, WT, Schoonbee, HJ & Visser, JGJ	205

The presence of endotoxin activity in cases of experimentally-induced heartwater in sheep	Van Amstel, SR, Oberem, PT, Didomenico, M, Kirkpatrick, RD & Mathee, J	217

Experimental gallop rhythm in sheep with Gousiekte: correlation of changes in amplitude with haemodynamic parameters	Van Rooyen, JM, Van Ryssen, JCJ, Minnaar, JP & Pretorius, PJ	221

Hybridization of DNA probes to A. marginale isolates from different sources and detection in Dermacentor andersoni ticks	Ambrosio, RE, Visser, ES, Koekhoven, Y & Kocan, KM	227

Parasites of South African wildlife. III. Helminths of kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, from South West Africa/Namibia	Horak, IG, Boomker, J & Anthonissen, M	231

Susceptibility to heartwater of calves born to non-immune cows	Du Plessis, JL & Malan, L	235

Research communication:

The presence of Cowdria ruminantium antigen in various tissues of Amblyomma hebraeum imagines as detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay	Neitz, AWH, Viljoen, GJ, Bezuidenhout, JD, Oberem, PT & Vermeulen, NMJ	239

Author index		241

Subject index		250

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 52

Subject Index
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Anonymous; Bigalke, R.D.
No abstract available
Author index
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Anonymous; Bigalke, R.D.
No Abstract available
Further observations on the electrophoretic characterization of South African Schistosoma mattheei and S. haematobium
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Kruger, F.J.; Bigalke, R.D.
Eleven enzymes, which were used to compare South African S. mattheei and S. haematobium in a former study, were employed to study intraspecific variation within S. mattheei, using starch gel electrophoresis and iso-electric focusing where resolution in starch gel was poor. Acid phosphatase varied intraspecifically within S. mattheei in that the most southern population differed from the northern populations. Malate dehydrogenase also varied intraspecifically. Three populations which occur sympatric with S. haematobium had a MDH-1 allele in common with the human schistosome while an allopatric population did not.
The presence of Cowdria ruminantium antigen in various tissues of Amblyomma hebraeum imagines as detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Viljoen, G.J.; Bezuidenhout, J. Dürr; Oberem, P.T.; Vermeulen, N.M.J.; Bigalke, R.D.; Neitz, Albert Walter Herman
Investigation into the presence of C. ruminantium antigen, using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in various tick tissues and haemolymph of adult Amblyomma hebraeum ticks revealed that the organism invades a number of body parts and can be demonstrated in A. hebraeum. In females, the gut, salivary glands, hypodermis and synganglion and in males, the salivary glands and gut showed the highest concentration.
Susceptibility to heartwater of calves born to non-immune cows
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Du Plessis, J.L.; Malan, Letitia; Bigalke, R.D.
The resistance to artificical infection with Cowdria ruminantium of calves born to cows fully susceptible to heartwater is no different from that of calves bred in heartwater endemic areas where the tick challenge is negligible to considerable. The sub-inoculation into mice of blood collected 14-26 days after infection proved the presence of the heartwater agent in the blood of 8 out of 10 calves with no other clinical signs than mild to moderate fever. The combined use of a mouse model and the indirect fluorescent antibody test revealed considerable variation in the degrees to which calves become infected and react to artifical infection.
Parasites of South African wildlife. II. Helminths of kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, from South West Africa/Namibia
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Boomker, Jacob; Anthonissen, M.; Bigalke, R.D.; Horak, Ivan Gerard
A total of 23 kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, were shot at 2-month intervals from June 1983 to April 1984 in the Etosha Game Reserve in the north of South West Africa/Namibia. The parasite survey conducted on these animals yielded 2 cestode and 12 nematode species. Haemonchus vegliai and Cooperia neitzi were the most prevalent nematodes and occurred in 13 animals each, followed by Cooperia acutispiculum and an Onchocerca sp. (9 animals each). The remaining nematodes were present in 4 (17 %) or fewer of the antelope. C. neitzi was the most numerous nematode, a total of 3 564 being recovered from all the antelope, followed by C. acutispiculum (2 552) and H. vegliai (1 050). Individual total worm burdens varied from 4-1 326 with 2 kudu harbouring no worms. The mean burden of 399 worms was considered negligible. A single kudu was shot in the Namib-Naukluft Park in the south of the country. This animal harboured no parasites.
The presence of endotoxin activity in cases of experimentally-induced heartwater in sheep
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Van Amstel, S.R.; Oberem, P.T.; Didomenico, M.; Kirkpatrick, R.D.; Mathee, J.; Bigalke, R.D.
The presence of endotoxin was examined in 5 sheep with experimentally-induced heartwater. Two peaks in endotoxin levels were recorded in 4 out of the 5 sheep during the acute stage of the disease. The 1st peak coincided with or occurred shortly after the febrile reaction (over 40 °C). The 2nd peak occurred 3-5 days after the 1st, and in 2 sheep this 2nd elevation in endotoxin levels was associated with severe clinical signs (rapid and laboured breathing, cyanosis and recumbency), and 1 of the 2 sheep died on the day of the 2nd elevation. Both endotoxin peaks were of short duration and levels had decreased in the 24-h follow-up samples.
The use of electronarcosis as anaesthetic in the cichlid, Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters). II. The effects of changing physical and electrical parameters on the narcotizing ability of alternating current
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Barham, W.T.; Schoonbee, H.J.; Visser, J.G.J.; Bigalke, R.D.
The effects of wave form, voltage, frequency and current as well as application time on the narcotizing ability of alternating current were investigated. A 60 Vrms, 50 Hz sine wave current applied for 30 s produced narcosis of sufficient duration to enable handling and blood sampling. A triangle wave form was inferior in narcotizing ability to both sine wave and square wave forms. Duration of narcosis increased with increasing water conductivity but was reduced by increasing water temperatures.
Leukoencephalomalacia in a horse induced by fumonisin B₁isolated from Fusarium moniliforme
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Marasas, Walter F.O. (Walter Friedrich Otto); Kellerman, T. Stephanus; Gelderblom, W.C.A.; Thiel, P.G.; Van der Lugt, Jaco J.; Bigalke, R.D.; Coetzer, Jacobus A.W.
Each of two horses was dosed by stomach tube with culture material on maize of Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826. One horse developed severe hepatosis and mild oedema of the brain after 6 doses of 2,5 g of culture material/kg body mass/day in 7 days. The second horse, in a similar experiment but at a dosage rate of 1,25 g/kg/day, developed mild hepatosis and moderate oedema of the brain. In both animals the brain oedema was particularly noticeable in the medulla oblongata. The mycotoxin fumonisin B₁was extracted and purified from the culture material of F. moniliforme MRC, 826 which contained approximately 1 g/kg of this compound. A horse was injected intravenously 7 times from Day 0-Day 9 with 0,125 mg of fumonisin B₁/kg body mass/day. Clinical signs of neurotoxicosis, which appeared on Day 8, included nervousness followed by apathy, a wide-based stance, trembling, ataxia, reluctance to move, paresis of the lower lip and tongue, and an inability to eat or drink. Euthanasia was performed on the horse on Day 10 while the animal was in a tetanic convulsion. The principal lesions were severe oedema of the brain and early, bilaterally symmetrical, focal necrosis in the medulla oblongata. This report provides experimental evidence that fumonisin B₁, produced by F. moniliforme, causes equine leukoencephalomalacia.
A field outbreak in Ile-de-France sheep of a cardiotoxicosis caused by the plant Pachystigma pygmaeum (Schltr) Robyns (Rubiaceae)
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Fourie, Niel; Neser, J.A.; Nel, P.W.; Bigalke, R.D.; Prozesky, Leon
A field outbreak of Pachystigma pygmaeum intoxication in sheep is described. Noteworthy clinical signs were: respiratory distress, apathy and subcutaneous oedema of mainly the head. Gross changes included cardiomegaly, centrilobular hepatic necrosis and effusion of body cavities. Microscopically myocardial fibrosis, affecting predominantly the endocardium of the apex, left free ventricular wall and interventricular septum, was most striking in the majority of animals, whilst myofibre atrophy was present in 1 sheep.
Hybridization of DNA probes to A. marginale isolates from different sources and detection in Dermacentor andersoni ticks
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Ambrosio, R.E.; Visser, Elizabeth S.; Koekhoven, Yolanda; Kocan, Katherine M.; Bigalke, R.D.
DNA from the Washington, South-Idaho, Virginia and Florida isolates of Anaplasma marginale was hybridized to probes specific for Anaplasma centrale and A. marginale. The A. centrale probes AC-2 and AC-4 hybridized to identical bands on all of these isolates. The hybridization pattern suggests that the Virginia, Florida and the South African isolates are similar. A number of bands were obtained with the Washington isolate which differed from those obtained with the other isolates. Probe AC-2 could be developed to identify relatedness among Anaplasma isolates. Probe AC-2 detected A. marginale DNA in midgut material from infected Dermacentor andersoni ticks. No hybridization was obtained with DNA from salivary gland tissues from these infected ticks.
Experimental gallop rhythm in sheep with Gousiekte : correlation of changes in amplitude with haemodynamic parameters
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Van Rooyen, J.M.; Van Ryssen, J.C.J.; Minnaar, J.P.; Pretorius, P.J.; Bigalke, R.D.
To investigate the correlation of haemodynamic parameters with the intensity of the gallop sound (S₃), use was made of right heart catheterization with a Swan-Ganz catheter to measure the pulmonary and right atrial pressures. The cardiac output was determined with the thermodilution method. A radiocardiogram was obtained after a bolus injection of technetium pertechnetate. The cardiopulmonary flow-index was obtained from the simultaneous recordings of the radiocardiogram and an electrocardiogram. With the haemodynamic parameters, heart sounds were recorded simultaneously and externally with a microphone. Eight Merino sheep were dosed with dried Pachystigma pygmaeum (Schltr) Robyns plant material through rumen fistulas until the clinical symptoms of heart failure such as gallop sounds, systolic murmurs and haemodynamic symptoms as well as increases in end diastolic pressure and decreases in stroke volume, appeared. After the appearance of the symptoms the sheep were treated symptomatically to delay the development of the cardiomyopathy. The changes in haemodynamic parameters before and after treatment were used and correlated with the intensity of the gallop sounds on a 6 point criterium scale. The results in brief show that, for gallop sound intensities between 0 and 6 on the criterium scale, most of the haemodynamic parameters correlate with the intensity of the gallop sounds, except the cardiac output, cardiopulmonary blood volume and the systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances. The haemodynamic parameters correlate better with the intensities of the gallop rhythm between 0 and 3. It is evident from this study that the model of heart failure in sheep is useful to study heart sounds and may also be valuable in the study of the genesis of the gallop sound.
The suitability of a rolled BHK₂₁monolayer system for the production of vaccines against the SAT types of foot-and-mouth disease virus. I. Adaptation of virus isolates to the system, immunogen yields achieved and assessment of subtype cross reactivity
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Esterhuysen, J.J.; Ashford, W.A.; Lentz, D.W.; Gainaru, M.D.; Sayer, A.J.; Meredith, C.D.; Janse Van Rensburg, D.; Pini, Attilio; Bigalke, R.D.; Thomson, G.R. (Gavin)
In an examination of 34 southern African SAT-type foot-and-mouth disease viruses, all but 1 attained satisfactory levels of infectivity within 6 passages in rolled BHK₂₁monolayer cell cultures. However, there were marked differences between adapted viruses with respect to the mass of immunogen (146S material) produced. Several isolates which consistently produced levels ≥2 µg/ml were identified. In cross neutralization tests using post-vaccinal sera, SAT-1 and SAT-2 isolates showed considerable diversity and none of the viruses tested would be expected to produce a broad-spectrum response if incorporated into a vaccine. On the other hand, when 2 of the SAT-2 isolates were incorporated into the same vaccine a distinctly broader response resulted.
Serological reactions to Leptospira species in game animals of northern Natal
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Hunter, Pamela; Flamand, J.R.B.; Van der Merwe, Sanette M.; Bigalke, R.D.; Myburgh, Jan G.
Fifty sera collected from 12 different species of free-living game animals in game parks in the Northern Natal were tested against 8 Leptospira interrogans antigens using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Six out of 50 animals had titres, all less than 100. Three of these animals had titres to serovar mini, 1 animal to tarrasovi, and 3 animals had multi-serovar reactions, 1 to mini and hardjo, and 1 to tarrasovi, copenhageni and pomona.
Notes on the occurrence of tubercular spines in Schistosoma margrebowiei and Schistosoma mattheei
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Kruger, F.J.; Hamilton-Attwell, V.L.; Tiedt, L.; Visser, P.S.; Joubert, P.H.; Bigalke, R.D.
Scanning electron microscopical (SEM) studies on tegument of the bovid schistosomes, Schistosoma margrebowiei and Schistosoma mattheei have yielded conflicting results; certain authors observed the tubercles on the tegument of these species to be spined, while others reported that they are spineless. The present study indicates that the protrusion of tubercular spines is subject to phenotypic plasticity regulated by external factors such as the identiy of the host species and whether or not the schistosome is paired.
The presence of the trichostrongylid Teladorsagia davtiani in sheep in the southwestern Cape
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Louw, J.P.; Bigalke, R.D.
Teladorsagia davtiani in sheep in the south-western Cape, is recorded in the Republic of South Africa for the first time. The literature dealing with this helminth is briefly reviewed.
The isolation and serology of the "FSA" Brucella melitensis Rev.1 mutant in a flock of sheep
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Pefanis, S.M.; Pieterson, P.M.; Williamson, Catherine C.; Venter, Catharina G.; Herr, S.; Bigalke, R.D.; Gummow, Bruce
A flock of sheep, known to be infected with the "FSA" mutant of Brucella melitensis Rev. 1, was examined serologically and bacteriologically to determine whether any relationship existed which would help in the control of this infection in the field. An attempt was also made to determine whether vertical transmission occurred. Twenty-one out of 62 sheep were bacteriologically positive. The best organs for isolation were the udder, supramammary lymphnodes and uterus. No significant relationship could be shown between the complement fixation test and bacterial isolation. The absence of any relationship between serological and bacteriological results agrees with a short-lived infection. None of the 24 lambs sacrificed at 5 months showed either serological reactions or were bacteriologically positive, thus no vertical transmission could be shown.
Immunization procedure-related immunoglobulin levels in the development of antibodies against Cysticercus cellulosae
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Contrafatto, G.; Pammenter, M.D.; Bigalke, R.D.
Various immunization procedures were investigated in an effort to improve the number of hybridomas producing antibodies against Cysticercus cellulosae. Ten groups of 5 BALB/c mice were subjected to different immunization procedures and were bled repeatedly over a period of 68 days. The samples of sera thus obtained were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay : total immunoglobulins, lgG and IgM levels were determined. In general, total anticyst antibody titres increased during the course of immunization but in 3 groups the final titre was lower than the maximal antibody titre. Overall, immune tolerance did not appear to be a problem and longer immunization programs seemed to end with slightly higher antibody levels. So far, 4 mice from the group that exhibited the highest immunoglobulin levels have been used for hybridoma production. Out of 124 hybridomas thus obtained, only 1 secreted antibodies against Cysticercus cellulosae.
The flrst isolations of Campylobacter mucosalis from pigs in South Africa
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Loveday, R.K.; Van der Walt, Martha L.; Bigalke, R.D.; Spencer, B.T. (Brian Tom)
The first isolations of Campylobacter mucosalis in South Africa are described. Isolations were made from a 6-week-old weaner pig with necrotic enteritis and from 2 gingival swabs of suckling piglets from herds with histories of porcine intestinal adenomatosis. The isolates were serologically identified as being serotype A strains.
Fasciola in horses in the Republic of South Africa : a single natural case of Fasciola hepatica and the failure to infest ten horses either with F. hepatica or Fasciola gigantica
(Published by the Government Printer, Pretoria., 1988) Alves, Regina M.R.; Van Rensburg, L.J.; Bigalke, R.D.; Van Wyk, Jan Aucamp
The faeces of 11 horses were examined for Fasciola spp. eggs. One of them was positive for Fasciola hepatica, a finding which was confirmed post-mortem. The 10 negative horses were subsequently infested with either F. hepatica or Fasciola gigantica, each animal receiving orally from 500-9 500 metacercariae. No clinical signs were observed and no fluke eggs were detected in the faeces, and neither immature nor adult Fasciola worms were recovered from the horses slaughtered 16-26 weeks post-infestation with F. hepatica and 28-34 weeks post-infestation with F. gigantica, respectively. The results indicate that horses have a high level of resistance to both South African Fasciola spp. Factors which can probably explain the conflicting reports for the prevalences of fascioliasis in horses throughout the world and the varying results obtained in experimental infestations are briefly considered.

Browse

Recent Submissions