Verband tussen wetenskap en tegnologie : 'n tegnologie-onderwysperspektief

Abstract

Die aankondiging deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Minister van Basiese Onderwys dat Natuurwetenskappe en Tegnologie voortaan in die Intermediêre Fase gekombineer gaan word, skep verskeie uitdagings wanneer dit kom by die uitvoering van hierdie aankondiging. Die vraag oor wie vir die onderrig van hierdie nuwe gekombineerde vak, Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie, verantwoordelik gaan wees, is problematies. Uit die nuwe Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement [Kurrikulum- en Assesseringsbeleidverklaring] (CAPS, Department of Basic Education 2011) wil dit voorkom asof wetenskaponderwysers daarvoor verantwoordelik sal wees om Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie in die Intermediêre Fase te onderrig. Die meeste wetenskaponderwysers in Suid-Afrika beskik egter oor gebrekkige opleiding in tegnologie-onderwys en het dus nie 'n grondige begrip van die aard van tegnologie of die onderlinge verband met wetenskap nie. Dit kan rampspoedige gevolge vir tegnologieonderwys inhou, want dit kan byvoorbeeld bepaal hoe hierdie vak onderrig en hoe die inhoud geprioritiseer word. Op sy beurt kan dit weer die persepsie ondersteun dat tegnologie 'n vorm van toegepaste wetenskap, dus ondergeskik aan wetenskap is, en uiteindelik sy status as skoolvak teenoor wetenskap verloor. Die doel van hierdie artikel is om 'n oorsig te gee van die literatuur oor die verband tussen wetenskap en tegnologie en om die mite dat tegnologie toegepaste wetenskap is, die nek in te slaan. Daar word gehoop dat hierdie artikel die aandag daarop sal vestig dat tegnologie-onderwys tot 'n derderangse vak afgewater sal word indien die persone wat vir die onderrig daarvan verantwoordelik is nie ten minste deeglik verstaan wat die onderlinge verband tussen wetenskap en tegnologie is nie.

The South African Minister of Basic Education's announcement that Natural Sciences and Technology should be combined in the Intermediate Phase can pose various challenges when it comes to the execution stage. The question as to who will be responsible for teaching this new combined subject, called Natural Sciences and Technology, is problematic. The Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS, Department of Basic Education 2011) seems to suggest that Science teachers will be responsible for the teaching of Natural Sciences and Technology in the Intermediate Phase. Most science teachers in South Africa however, have had inadequate training in Technology education and, therefore, do not have a sound understanding of the nature of Technology or its inter-connectedness with Science. This can have disastrous consequences for Technology education. It can, for example, determine how this subject will be taught and how content is prioritised. This in turn, can perpetuate the perception that Technology is a form of applied science and therefore, inferior to Science, which will lead to Technology losing its status as a school subject in relation to Science as a school subject. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the literature on the relationship between science and technology and to debunk the myth that technology is applied science. It is hoped that this article will draw attention to the danger of Technology education being diluted to a lesser subject if the persons responsible for the teaching of this combined subject do not at least have a proper understanding of the relationship that exists between science and technology.