The genetic legacy of the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa

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dc.contributor.author Fortes-Lima, Cesar A.
dc.contributor.author Burgarella, Concetta
dc.contributor.author Hammarén, Rickard
dc.contributor.author Eriksson, Anders
dc.contributor.author Vicente, Mário
dc.contributor.author Jolly, Cecile
dc.contributor.author Semo, Armando
dc.contributor.author Gunnink, Hilde
dc.contributor.author Pacchiarotti, Sara
dc.contributor.author Mundeke, Leon
dc.contributor.author Matonda, Igor
dc.contributor.author Muluwa, Joseph Koni
dc.contributor.author Coutros, Peter
dc.contributor.author Nyambe, Terry S.
dc.contributor.author Cikomola, Justin Cirhuza
dc.contributor.author Coetzee, Vinet
dc.contributor.author De Castro, Minique
dc.contributor.author Ebbesen, Peter
dc.contributor.author Delanghe, Joris
dc.contributor.author Stoneking, Mark
dc.contributor.author Barham, Lawrence
dc.contributor.author Lombard, Marlize
dc.contributor.author Meyer, Anja
dc.contributor.author Steyn, Maryna
dc.contributor.author Malmström, Helena
dc.contributor.author Rocha, Jorge
dc.contributor.author Soodyall, Himla
dc.contributor.author Pakendorf, Brigitte
dc.contributor.author Bostoen, Koen
dc.contributor.author Schlebusch, Carina M.
dc.date.accessioned 2024-01-22T13:52:38Z
dc.date.available 2024-01-22T13:52:38Z
dc.date.issued 2024-01
dc.description DATA AVAILABILITY : SNP array genotype data of modern-day African populations and whole-genome data of aDNA individuals generated in this project were made available through the European Genome-Phenome Archive (EGA) data repository (EGA accessory nos. EGAS50000000006 and EGAS00001007519 for modern and aDNA, respectively). Controlled-access policies guided by participant consent agreements will be implemented by the AfricanNeo Data Access Committee (AfricanNeo DAC accessory no. EGAC00001003398). Authorized NIH DAC granted data access to C.M.S. for the controlled-access genetic data deposited in the NIH dbGAP repository (accession code phs001396.v1.p1 and project ID 19895). C.M.S. was granted data access to whole-genome sequencing data deposed by the H3Africa Consortium (EGA dataset accessory nos. EGAD00001004220, EGAD00001004316, EGAD00001004334, EGAD00001004393, EGAD00001004448, EGAD00001004505, EGAD00001004533, EGAD00001004557 and EGAD00001005076). Interactive map-based visualizations were created using the Python library bokeh v.3.0.0 and maps were provided by CartoDB (CARTO 2023), other base maps were provided by GoogleMaps (Google 2023) or created using Python libraries (plotly v.5.17.0 and shapely v.1.8.4); R packages (rworldmap v.1.3.6, plotmaps v.1.0, rEEMSplots and rEEMSplots2); and one inhouse vector map in MapInfo interchange format based on the WGS-84 projection. en_US
dc.description CODE AVAILABILITY : Code and interactive plots used for plotting are available in two online repositories (GitHub https://github.com/Schlebusch-lab/Expansion_of_BSP_peer-reviewed_article and figshare https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24107718). en_US
dc.description SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Supplementary Methods, Notes 1–12, Figures 1–107, and references. en_US
dc.description SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES. Supplementary Tables 1–15. en_US
dc.description.abstract The expansion of people speaking Bantu languages is the most dramatic demographic event in Late Holocene Africa and fundamentally reshaped the linguistic, cultural and biological landscape of the continent. With a comprehensive genomic dataset, including newly generated data of modern-day and ancient DNA from previously unsampled regions in Africa, we contribute insights into this expansion that started 6,000–4,000 years ago in western Africa. We genotyped 1,763 participants, including 1,526 Bantu speakers from 147 populations across 14 African countries, and generated whole-genome sequences from 12 Late Iron Age individuals. We show that genetic diversity amongst Bantu-speaking populations declines with distance from western Africa, with current-day Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo as possible crossroads of interaction. Using spatially explicit methods and correlating genetic, linguistic and geographical data, we provide cross-disciplinary support for a serial-founder migration model. We further show that Bantu speakers received significant gene flow from local groups in regions they expanded into. Our genetic dataset provides an exhaustive modern-day African comparative dataset for ancient DNA studies and will be important to a wide range of disciplines from science and humanities, as well as to the medical sector studying human genetic variation and health in African and African-descendant populations. en_US
dc.description.department Biochemistry en_US
dc.description.department Genetics en_US
dc.description.department Microbiology and Plant Pathology en_US
dc.description.librarian hj2024 en_US
dc.description.sdg None en_US
dc.description.sponsorship Open access funding provided by Uppsala University. en_US
dc.description.uri http://www.nature.com/nature en_US
dc.identifier.citation Fortes-Lima, C.A., Burgarella, C., Hammarén, R. et al. The genetic legacy of the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa. Nature 625, 540–547 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06770-6. en_US
dc.identifier.issn 0028-0836 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1476-4687 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1038/s41586-023-06770-6
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/94052
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Nature Research en_US
dc.rights © 2023, The Author(s). Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. en_US
dc.subject Bantu-speaking people en_US
dc.subject Africa en_US
dc.subject Human genetics en_US
dc.title The genetic legacy of the expansion of Bantu-speaking peoples in Africa en_US
dc.type Article en_US


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