Blood lactate is a predictor of mortality in critically ill humans and animals. Handheld lactate meters have the potential to be used in the field to evaluate the condition of severely injured rhinoceroses but have not ...

A subadult white rhinoceros bull presented for oesophageal endoscopic evaluation and foreign body removal under general anaesthesia. The animal had a history of nasal and oral regurgitation of water and ingesta with ...

An 11‐year‐old Thoroughbred mare was diagnosed with sialolithiasis of the right parotid salivary duct. A firm nonpainful subcutaneous mass was palpable in the right maxillary region adjacent to premolar 4 (tooth 108). ...