Abstract:
The problem concerning this research is why, after a century of professional study, training, and resourcing in youth ministry, does the American church still experience generational attrition? This research argues that 20th century hegemonic ideas surrounding adolescence transformed emerging adults transitioning from childhood to adulthood into a problematic sub-culture that needed specialized programming to protect and mold into productive members of the hegemonic class. The mixed methodology and multi-disciplinary approach to the development of youth ministry demonstrates a historical and methodological connection to mainline church attrition, but it also invites us to reconsider the foundational concepts of adolescence that inspired 20th century youth programming. The common complaint among churches today is the lack of teenagers that they “have”. However, an empirical investigation into their historical practice demonstrates a lack of inclusion on the part of churches who no longer have a vibrant teenage population vs those that do. Utilizing the inclusive missional ecclesiology of Malan Nel as a point of departure, this research includes a theoretical consideration of a kinship model, most often practiced in African American churches, and a consideration of adolescence itself as a theological conversation partner. Empirical research provides a vital “text” for consideration as the theoretical and the empirical are brought into conversation to provide a practical theological approach to reformation in not only the praxis of youth ministry, but the posture toward adolescence. As a result, a way forward is suggested that moves a congregation from an exclusive programmatic structure that does not foster intergenerational community to one that considers all voices and all gifs as vital to a missional identity.
