Abstract:
Circinotrichum, Gyrothrix and Vermiculariopsiella represent a complex of dematiaceous, setose, saprobic
hyphomycetes that are commonly collected on plant litters in tropical, subtropical to temperate climates. Multi-locus
analysis (ITS, LSU, rpb2) and morphological studies revealed that Gyrothrix and Circinotrichum are polyphyletic and
species belong to 10 genera grouping in three different clades within Xylariales, named Coniocessiaceae (Circinotrichum
and Pirozynskiomyces gen. nov.), Microdochiaceae (Selenodriella and the resurrected genus Peglionia) and
the new family Gyrothricaceae (Gyrothrix, Xenoanthostomella, Neogyrothrix gen. nov., Pseudocircinotrichum gen.
nov., and Pseudoceratocladium gen. nov.). Vermiculariopsiella (Vermiculariopsiellales, Vermiculariopsiellaceae)
is emended for species with setose sporodochia with simple setae (V. dichapetali, V. eucalypticola, V. immersa,
V. pini, V. spiralis, V. australiensis sp. nov.) while Vermiculariopsis is resurrected and includes setose fungi with
branched setae (Vs. dunni, Vs. eucalypti, Vs. eucalyptigena, Vs. lauracearum, Vs. microsperma, Vs. pediculata
and Vs. castanedae sp. nov.).
