dc.contributor.author |
Macheca, Afonso
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Focke, Walter Wilhelm
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Muiambo, H.F. (Herminio Francisco)
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Kaci, Mustapha
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2016-08-05T06:03:16Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2016-01 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
Sub-micron thick flakes were obtained by sonication of vermiculite that was first exfoliated by either
thermal shock or chemical treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Dimer fatty acid polyamide
nanocomposites with a mixed morphology were prepared via a solution-dispersion technique. The
large (in the micrometre range) vermiculite flakes assumed random orientations in the matrix. BET
surface area measurements indicated flake thickness below 100 nm but SEM showed that thicker
flakes were also present. Filler content was varied up to 30 wt.%. At this loading, the tensile strength
doubled, the modulus increased five-fold but the elongation-at-break decreased by a factor of ten.
Dynamic mechanical analysis suggests that three stiffening mechanisms were operating. The
reinforcing effect of the high stiffness inorganic flakes is the primary contributor. Together with the
chain confinement effect, that expresses itself in an apparent increase in the glass transition
temperature, this provided an adequate rationalisation of the stiffness variation below Tg. However,
an additional stiffening effect is indicated at temperatures above Tg. The mechanism may involve
dynamic network formation based on fluctuating hydrogen bonding interactions between the matrix
polymer chains and the filler particles. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Chemical Engineering |
en_ZA |
dc.description.embargo |
2017-01-31 |
|
dc.description.librarian |
hb2016 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.sponsorship |
National Research Foundation (NRF) via the South African/Algeria research partnership programme under Grant 87453. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
http://www.elsevier.com/locate/europolj |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Macheca, AD, Focke, WW, Muiambo, HF & Kaci, M 2016, 'Stiffening mechanisms in vermiculite-amorphous polyamide bio-nanocomposites', European Polymer Journal, vol. 74, pp. 51-63. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
0014-3057 (print) |
|
dc.identifier.issn |
1873-1945 (online) |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.11.013 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/56200 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
Elsevier |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
© 2016 Elsevier. All rights reserved. Notice : this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in European Polymer Journal. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in European Polymer Journal, vol. 74, pp. 51-63, 2016. doi : 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.11.013. |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Bio-nanocomposite |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Vermiculite |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Polyamide |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Mechanical properties |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
Stiffening mechanisms in vermiculite-amorphous polyamide bio-nanocomposites |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Postprint Article |
en_ZA |