Abstract:
Nowadays, the number of vehicles has increased exponentially, but the bedrock capacities
of roads and transportation systems have not developed in an equivalent way to efficiently cope
with the number of vehicles traveling on them. Due to this, road jamming and traffic correlated
pollution have increased with the associated adverse societal and financial effect on different markets
worldwide. A static control system may block emergency vehicles due to traffic jams. Wireless
Sensor networks (WSNs) have gained increasing attention in traffic detection and avoiding road
congestion. WSNs are very trendy due to their faster transfer of information, easy installation, less
maintenance, compactness and for being less expensive compared to other network options. There
has been significant research on Traffic Management Systems using WSNs to avoid congestion, ensure
priority for emergency vehicles and cut the Average Waiting Time (AWT) of vehicles at intersections.
In recent decades, researchers have started to monitor real-time traffic using WSNs, RFIDs, ZigBee,
VANETs, Bluetooth devices, cameras and infrared signals. This paper presents a survey of current
urban traffic management schemes for priority-based signalling, and reducing congestion and the
AWT of vehicles. The main objective of this survey is to provide a taxonomy of different traffic
management schemes used for avoiding congestion. Existing urban traffic management schemes for
the avoidance of congestion and providing priority to emergency vehicles are considered and set the
foundation for further research.
