Abstract:
Accurate estimates of predator densities are important
for the conservation management of large
predator populations. Predator densities outside of
protected areas are often understudied and management
decisions are based on assumptions of predator
numbers. This study conducted three spoor
surveys on commercial farmland in Botswana to
estimate large predator densities. Brown hyaenas
(Hyaena brunnea) were found to occur evenly across
both cattle and game farms at higher densities than
previously assumed. Cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus)
and leopards (Panthera pardus) were more commonly
located on game ranches, at or below population
density assumptions. This study demonstrated the
importance but difficulties of conducting predator
surveys on farmland, where study animals are often
at risk of persecution by landowners, due to the
perceived or real threat predators may pose to livestock
and stocked game.
