Maatskaplike assessering van die adolessent se seksuele kennis, -houding, en -gedrag (Afrikaans)

Abstract

AFRIKAANS: Die behoefte aan 'n instrument, om die seksuele kennis, - houding en - gedrag van adolessente te assesseer ten einde 'n teikengerigte seksuele voorligtingsprogram te ontwikkel, is vanuit die literatuur geïdentifiseer. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus om 'n nie-gestandardiseerde maatskaplike assesseringsinstument te ontwikkel wat die seksuele kennis, - houding en - gedrag van adolessente kan assesseer. 'n Kwantitatiewe navorsingsbenadering is gevolg met intervensie navorsing as die soort navorsing ter sprake. Die navorsingsprosedure en werkwyse was aan die hand van Rothman en Thomas (1994:28) se intervensie ontwerp en ontwikkelingsmodel se fases hanteer. Die volgende fases word in die model onderskei: (1) Probleemanalise en projekbeplanning, (2) Insameling van data en sintesevorming, (3) Ontwerp, (4) Vroeë ontwikkeling en voorlopige toetsing, (5) Evaluasie en gevorderde ontwikkeling, en (6) Disseminasie. Dit was van kardinale belang om die studie vanuit 'n spesifieke teoretiese raamwerk te benader. Na aanleiding van die kompleksiteit van seksualiteit is van 'n multi-teoretiese benadering gebruik gemaak. Die egosielkundige teorie van Erikson en die sisteemteorie is gebruik. Die rede waarom die egosielkundige teorie van Erikson hierby ingesluit is, is omdat dit die adolessentefase in konteks plaas binne die totale lewensloop van die mens. Die sisteemteorie verduidelik weer die kompleksiteit van seksualiteit in terme van die verhouding tussen die sisteme, en die elemente binne die adolessentsisteem. Die universum van hierdie studie was graad 8, 9 en 10 leerlinge van twee skole in Pretoria wie se ouers toestemming verleen het om aan die studie deel te neem. Aangesien al die respondente nie by die ondersoek betrek kon word nie, is 'n steekproef van 320 respondente by wyse van 'n proporsioneel gestratifiseerde ewekansige steekproeftrekking gekombineerd met sistemiese steekproeftrekking geselekteer. Die respondente het 'n self¬geadministreerde vraelys (assesseringsinstrument) voltooi. Deur die benutting van die nie-¬gestandardiseerde assesseringsinstrument kon die navorser daarin slaag om 'n profiel van die adolessent se seksuele kennis, - houding en - gedrag saam te stel. Voortspruitend hieruit kon gevolgtrekkings gemaak word, en aan die hand daarvan is aanbevelings gedoen rakende die inhoud van die nie-gestandaardiseerde assesseringsinstrument, die ontwikkeling van moontlike seksuele voorligtingsprogramme, asook verdere navorsing. ENGLISH: The need for an instrument that will assess the sexual knowledge, - attitude and - behaviour of the adolescent which could be used in developing a specific sexual programme for adolescent, was identified. The purpose of this study was therefore to develop a non-standardised social work assessment tool to assess the sexual knowledge, - attitude and - behaviour of the adolescent. A quantitative research approach with intervention research as the type of research was followed. The research procedures that were followed were according to the phases of the intervention design and development model of Rothman and Thomas (1994:28). The following phases can be identified in this model: (1) Problem analyse and project planning, (2) Data gathering and synthesis formulation (3) Design, (4) Early development and pilot testing, (5) Evaluation and advanced development, and (6) Dissemination. It was also important to address the study from a specific theoretical framework. Sexuality is very complex and therefore a multi-theoretical approach was used namely the ego psychological theory of Erikson and the system theory. The theory of Erikson was used due to the fact that it explains adolescence in context of the total life cycle of mankind. The system theory explains the complexity of sexuality in terms of the relationship between systems and the elements of the adolescent as a system. The universum of this study was grade 8, 9 en 10 pupils of two schools in Pretoria whose parents gave permission to participate in this study. Since not all of the respondents could participate in this study, a sample of320 respondents was selected through proportional stratificational random sampling combined with. systematic sampling. The respondents completed a self-administered questionnaire (assessment tool). The result of the utilisation of this non-standardised social work assessment tool was a profile of the adolescent's sexual knowledge, - attitude and - behaviour. Conclusions were made and resulted in recommendations regarding the content of this non-standardised social work assessment tool, the development of possible sexual programmes for adolescents, and further research that could be conducted in future.