Selfbeeld van die sosiologie - en sosioloë

Abstract

The purpose of this inaugural lecture, entitled The self-image of sociology — and sociologists, is to focus attention on the image which sociologists have of their discipline and of themselves. Four premises which outline the salient characteristics of this self-image, are discussed. These premises, which also stress the ambivalence of the sociological self-image, are: (1) Sociology is both a vision and a passion: On the one hand, the sociologist experiences sociology as a vision which enables him to see that: — the personal destinies of individuals are closely linked with the historical and social conditions under which they live — people are always playing roles and putting up facades in order to hide their true selves — people's beliefs, values, norms and patterns of behaviour are determined more by the society to which they belong than by personal choice. On the other hand, sociology is also experienced as a passion which has its roots in a sincere interest in human beings, a deep-felt longing for a more perfect society and an irresitable urge to change prevailing social conditions.

(2) Sociology is both a science and a form of art: Sociologists have always regarded sociology as a science with a clearly defined field of study (viz. human social behaviour) and a methodology which resembles that of the natural sciences. But sociology is also seen as a form of art. No sociologist abides strictly by the scientific method. Although it is not reflected in his scientific treatises, the sociologist's intuition and imagination also play an important part in the construction of sociological theories. (3) Sociology is both a form of technology and a kind of therapy: Most sociologists tend to see themselves as technologists in search of practical applications for their theories. Human reason has two functions: a manipulative and a critical one. As a technologist, i.e. as a "social engineer" the sociologist uses his reason to influence human behaviour. But the sociologist also sees himself as a therapist, i.e. as someone who applies reason to free human beings from the bondage of social forces such as tradition, prejudice or bureaucracy. (4) Sociology is both a profession and a pastime: Sociology has not yet established the same professional standards that are normally associated with professions such as medicine or law, but in many respects it has already acquired professional status. The sosiologist, however, also experiences sociology as a kind of pastime which he practices during his non-working hours. A case is made out for the recognition of amateur sociology as a very useful aid to professional sociology.