dc.contributor.author |
Botha, C.J. (Christoffel Jacobus)
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|
dc.contributor.author |
Venter, Elna
|
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dc.contributor.other |
University of Pretoria. Faculty of Veterinary Science. Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences. Section Pharmacology and Toxicology |
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dc.coverage.spatial |
Africa |
en |
dc.coverage.spatial |
South Africa |
en |
dc.date |
NECROPSY:
• Not specific.
• Traumatic lesions (bruises) may be present.
• Rigor mortis sets in quickly
• Acute - leaf remnants in rumen, stomach
• Chronic – emaciation. |
en |
dc.date.accessioned |
2008-12-22T08:25:36Z |
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dc.date.available |
2008-12-22T08:25:36Z |
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dc.date.issued |
2002 |
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dc.description |
Colour photos. Final web-ready size: JPEG. Photo 1: 5.7 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 2: 17 kb, 180 ppi; Photo 3: 5.3 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 4: 49.8 kb, 300 ppi; Photo 5: 34 kb, 96 ppi; Photo 6: 44.1 kb, 72 ppi; Photo 7: 21.8 kb, 72 ppi. Original TIFF file housed at the Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Pretoria. |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
DISTRIBUTION:
• C. ellipticum and C. obtusifolium grows over trees and shrubs in the coastal bush along the eastern coast line.
• C. africanum is most common in the south-western, southern and south-eastern Cape Provinces. |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION:
Cynanchum africanum
General: These plants are climbers with slender stems and branches. They contain milky, bitter latex that is apparently non-irritant.
Leaves: The leaves of C. africanum are heart-shaped.
Flowers: The flowers of C. africanum are brownish in colour.
Fruit: The horn-shaped fruits contain club-shaped plumed seeds.
Cynanchum ellipticum
General: These plants are climbers with slender stems and branches. They contain milky, bitter latex that is apparently non-irritant.
Leaves: The soft leaves of C. ellipticum are broadly elliptical and with a pronounced tip at the apex. They are in pairs opposite each other with a ring-like thickening at the junction of the leaves and stem.
Flowers: The flowers of C. ellipticum are pungent, white to greenish and have a tubular corolla, which is a distinctive characteristic.
Toxic principle:
Various neurotoxic compounds (cynanchosides) have been isolated from Cynanchum species. |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
SYNDROMES:
Cynanchosis, Krampsiekte. |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
CLINICAL SIGNS:
Systems affected: Central nervous system.
• CNS stimulation followed by protracted paralysis.
• Hypersensitivity, incoordination, tremors
• Recurrent tetanic seizures, orthotonus or opisthotonus
• Protracted paralysis (lasting a week or more)
• Nervous signs may be precipitated by a stimulus
Krampsiekte (poisoning with Cynanchum species) is characterized by tetanic seizures, while krimpsiekte is primarily a paretic syndrome. |
en |
dc.description.abstract |
TREATMENT:
• Symptomatic
• It is often necessary to euthenaze paralyzed animals. |
en |
dc.description.uri |
http://www.library.up.ac.za/vet/poison |
en |
dc.identifier.citation |
Botha, CJ & Venter, E 2002, 'Plants poisonous to livestock Southern Africa (CD-ROM)' University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pretoria, South Africa. |
en |
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/8514 |
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dc.rights |
©University of Pretoria. Dept. of Paraclinical Sciences, Section Pharmacology and Toxicology (Original and digital). Provided for educational purposes only. It may not be downloaded, reproduced or distributed in any format without written permission of the original copyright holder. Any attempt to circumvent the access controls placed on this file is a violation of copyright laws and is subject to criminal prosecution. Please contact the collection administrator for copyright issues. |
en |
dc.source |
Original format: University of Pretoria, Faculty of Veterinary Science. |
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dc.subject |
Plant poisoning |
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dc.subject |
Toxicology |
en |
dc.subject |
Plant poisoning in animals |
en |
dc.subject |
Poisonous plants |
en |
dc.subject |
Cynanchosis |
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dc.subject |
Krampsiekte |
af |
dc.subject |
Neurotoxin |
en |
dc.subject |
Cynanchosides |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Poisonous plants -- Toxicology -- Africa, Southern |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Veterinary toxicology |
en |
dc.title |
Cynanchum species |
en |
dc.title.alternative |
Monkey rope |
en |
dc.title.alternative |
Bobbejaantou |
af |
dc.title.alternative |
Klimop |
af |
dc.title.alternative |
Cynanchum africanum |
en |
dc.title.alternative |
Cynanchum ellipticum |
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dc.title.alternative |
Cynanchum obtusifolium |
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dc.type |
Still Image |
en |