Comparative aspects of immunity and vaccination in human and bovine trichomoniasis : a review
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Date
Authors
Chapwanya, Aspinas
Usman, Abubakar Yusha’u
Irons, Pete Charles
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Springer
Abstract
Trichomonas vaginalis and Tritrichomonas foetus are important extracellular protozoans that cause, respectively, human and bovine venereal diseases. Trichomonads are extracellular parasites that primarily inhabit the genital tracts of the mammalian hosts where they overcome the mucus barrier and parasitize mucosa by contact-dependent or contact-independent cytotoxicity. Transient immunity is usually achieved by the host after clinical infection. At present, vaccination in cattle reduces infection rates and reproductive wastage in affected herds. After vaccination, immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels increase in systemic circulation while immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels rise in the vagina. Only moderate protection is conferred by means of vaccination. Future vaccine development strategies are needed for cattle to enhance the antigenic component or use adjuvant that strongly activates the innate immune response to produce safe and potent vaccines. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the immunology of trichomoniasis infection and the challenges and potential of vaccines in the control of the infection in human and bovine trichomoniasis.
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Keywords
Tritrichomonas foetus, Trichomonas vaginalis, Venereal infection, Immunity, Vaccination, Bovine, Fertility
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Chapwanya, A, Usman, AY & Irons, PC 2016, 'Comparative aspects of immunity and vaccination in human and bovine trichomoniasis', Tropical Animal Health and Production, vol. 48, no. 1, pp-1-7.