The treatment of cholesterol : issues, effects and targets

Abstract

Statins are the most powerful cholesterol lowering drugs currently available. Statins inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, which leads to reduced cholesterol synthesis. In addition, low-density cholesterol receptors on the hepatocyte surface are upregulated, leading to increased clearance of cholesterol. The end result is a significant reduction in cholesterol levels, and a consequent significant reduction in mortality and cardiovascular events in the appropriate individual.