Diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia in children : South African Thoracic Society guidelines

dc.contributor.authorZar, Heather J.
dc.contributor.authorMoore, D.P.
dc.contributor.authorAndronikou, S.
dc.contributor.authorArgent, A.C.
dc.contributor.authorAvenant, Theunis Johannes
dc.contributor.authorCohen, C.
dc.contributor.authorGreen, Robin J.
dc.contributor.authorItzikowitz, G.
dc.contributor.authorJeena, P.
dc.contributor.authorMasekela, R.
dc.contributor.authorNicol, M.P.
dc.contributor.authorPillay, A.
dc.contributor.authorReubenson, G.
dc.contributor.authorMadhi, S.A.
dc.date.accessioned2021-06-22T13:35:00Z
dc.date.available2021-06-22T13:35:00Z
dc.date.issued2020-09
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality amongst South African children. More comprehensive immunisation regimens, strengthening of HIV programmes, improvement in socioeconomic conditions and new preventive strategies have impacted on the epidemiology of pneumonia. Furthermore, sensitive diagnostic tests and better sampling methods in young children improve aetiological diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: To produce revised guidelines for pneumonia in South African children under 5 years of age. METHODS: The Paediatric Assembly of the South African Thoracic Society and the National Institute for Communicable Diseases established seven expert subgroups to revise existing South African guidelines focusing on: (i) epidemiology; (ii) aetiology; (iii) diagnosis; (iv) antibiotic management and supportive therapy; (v) management in intensive care; (vi) prevention; and (vii) considerations in HIV-infected or HIVexposed, uninfected (HEU) children. Each subgroup reviewed the published evidence in their area; in the absence of evidence, expert opinion was accepted. Evidence was graded using the British Thoracic Society (BTS) grading system. Sections were synthesized into an overall guideline which underwent peer review and revision. RECOMMENDATIONS: Recommendations include a diagnostic approach, investigations, management and preventive strategies. Specific recommendations for HIV infected and HEU children are provided. VALIDATION: The guideline is based on available published evidence supplemented by the consensus opinion of SA paediatric experts. Recommendations are consistent with those in published international guidelines.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentPaediatrics and Child Healthen_ZA
dc.description.librarianpm2021en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://www.ajtccm.org.zaen_ZA
dc.identifier.citationZar, H.J., Moore, D.P., Andronikou, S. et al. 2020, 'Diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia in children: South African Thoracic Society guidelines', African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 98-116.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn2617-0205 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.7196/AJTCCM.2020.v26i3.104
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/80534
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherSouth African Medical Associationen_ZA
dc.rights© 2020. This article is published under an Attribution-Non Commercial International Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-NC 4.0) License.en_ZA
dc.subjectPneumoniaen_ZA
dc.subjectDiagnosisen_ZA
dc.subjectChildrenen_ZA
dc.subjectSouth Africa (SA)en_ZA
dc.titleDiagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia in children : South African Thoracic Society guidelinesen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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