Prevalence and factors associated with HIV testing among men aged 15–54 years in Kenya—evidence from the 2022 Demographic and Health Survey

Abstract

Sub-Saharan Africa bears the heaviest burden of HIV/AIDS. Kenya alone has an estimated 1.4 million people living with HIV. Therefore, this study determined HIV testing prevalence and associated factors among men aged 15–54 years in Kenya. The study is a secondary data analysis of the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey, a nationally representative population-based cross-sectional survey. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with HIV testing. Survey weights were used to adjust analyses for unequal sampling probabilities. Out of 14,453 men included in the study, the prevalence of self-reported HIV testing was 73.5%, which was higher among men aged 30–34 years old compared to the 15–19 years (90.2% vs. 33.3%), married or living with a partner (89.1% vs. 55.5%), residing in urban areas (82.5% vs. 67.8%), with higher education (90.6% vs. 58.4%), employed (80.5% vs. 43.1%), richest (83.8% vs. 60.4%), and those with three or more sexual partners (81.7% vs. 68.0%) groups. Targeted interventions to encourage more men to participate in regular HIV testing are needed. This can be achieved by bringing HIV testing sites closer to males through HIV self-testing and community testing, particularly home-based testing.