Anthropogenic disturbance impacts mycorrhizal communities and abiotic soil properties : implications for an endemic forest disease

dc.contributor.authorSapsford, Sarah J.
dc.contributor.authorPaap, Trudy
dc.contributor.authorHardy, Giles E. St. J.
dc.contributor.authorBurgess, Treena I.
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-25T11:11:18Z
dc.date.available2022-02-25T11:11:18Z
dc.date.issued2021-01-29
dc.description.abstractIn forest ecosystems, habitat fragmentation negatively impacts stand structure and biodiversity; the resulting fragmented patches of forest have distinct, disturbed edge habitats that experience different environmental conditions than the interiors of the fragments. In southwest Western Australia, there is a large-scale decline of the keystone tree species Corymbia calophylla following fragmentation and land use change. These changes have altered stand structure and increased their susceptibility to an endemic fungal pathogen, Quambalaria coyrecup, which causes chronic canker disease especially along disturbed forest habitats. However, the impacts of fragmentation on belowground processes in this system are not well-understood.We examined the effects of fragmentation on abiotic soil properties and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities, and whether these belowground changes were drivers of disease incidence. We collected soil from 17 sites across the distribution range of C. calophylla. Soils were collected across a gradient from disturbed, diseased areas to undisturbed, disease-free areas.We analysed soil nutrients and grew C. calophylla plants as a bioassay host. Plants were harvested and roots collected after 6 months of growth. DNA was extracted fromthe roots, amplified using fungal specific primers and sequenced using Illumina MiSeq. Concentrations of key soil nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were much higher along the disturbed, diseased edges in comparison to undisturbed areas. Disturbance altered the community composition of ECM and AM fungi; however, only ECM fungal communities had lower rarefied richness and diversity along the disturbed, diseased areas compared to undisturbed areas. Accounting for effects of disturbance, ECM fungal diversity and leaf litter depth were highly correlated with increased disease incidence in C. calophylla. In the face of global change, increased virulence of an endemic pathogen has emerged in this Mediterranean-type forest.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentBiochemistryen_ZA
dc.description.departmentForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)en_ZA
dc.description.departmentGeneticsen_ZA
dc.description.departmentMicrobiology and Plant Pathologyen_ZA
dc.description.librarianam2022en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment, the Australasian Mycological Society and the Australian Research Council Linkage LP120200581.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttps://www.frontiersin.org/journals/forests-and-global-change#en_ZA
dc.identifier.citationSapsford, S.J., Paap, T., Hardy, G.E.S.J. & Burgess, T.I. (2021) Anthropogenic Disturbance Impacts Mycorrhizal Communities and Abiotic Soil Properties: Implications for an Endemic Forest Disease. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change 3:593243. DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2020.593243en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn2624-893X (online)
dc.identifier.other10.3389/ffgc.2020.593243
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/84231
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherMDPIen_ZA
dc.rights© 2021 Sapsford, Paap, Hardy and Burgess. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).en_ZA
dc.subjectQuambalaria coyrecupen_ZA
dc.subjectLand use changeen_ZA
dc.subjectHabitat fragmentationen_ZA
dc.subjectEmerging forest diseaseen_ZA
dc.subjecteDNAen_ZA
dc.subjectDisturbanceen_ZA
dc.subjectCorymbia calophyllaen_ZA
dc.subjectCanker pathogenen_ZA
dc.subjectEctomycorrhizal (ECM)en_ZA
dc.titleAnthropogenic disturbance impacts mycorrhizal communities and abiotic soil properties : implications for an endemic forest diseaseen_ZA
dc.typeArticleen_ZA

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