The cultural beliefs of families affected by mental illness : the perspectives of caregivers

Abstract

The community of Ntwane lives in a small village unknown to many people. Like most communities, its people are faced with challenges which require the intervention of a multidisciplinary team in order to enhance their quality of life. The prevalence of mental illness, as reported by community members, is high and knowledge in this regard is minimal. This study, which explored the cultural beliefs of families affected by mental illness, was informed by the prevalence of mental illness, as well as a concern regarding the lack of education and knowledge on mental illness. The community members fail to recognise the influence of culture on their beliefs regarding mental illness. Mental illness is viewed as being caused by elements such as witchcraft and supernatural forces, yet culture is not seen as influencing this belief. The goal of this study was to explore and describe caregivers perspectives on the cultural beliefs regarding mental illness of families affected in the small village of Ntwane. The cultural beliefs of families affected by mental illness were explored using snowball sampling. The research approach utilised in this study is qualitative as it sought to gain an understanding through rich, insightful information. A total of twelve participants were drawn from this community with the caregiver representing the family. The findings of the study indicated that there were cultural influences on the view of mental illness in the study community. Witchcraft, punishment for failing to appease the ancestors, as well as supernatural forces and the abnormal movement of blood were perceived to be the causes of mental illness in the community. The study concludes that culture does in fact inform views of mental illness in the study community. The study proposes the need for community education in order to enhance the mental wellness of community members. An education system catering to the needs of individuals with a mental illness is also needed. Specialised mental health services within the reach of community members is also seen as vital and needed in this community.