Characterisation of phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and antioxidant activity of water extracts from seed coats of marama bean [Tylosema esculentum] - an underutilised food legume

dc.contributor.authorShelembe, Jeremiah Sijubo
dc.contributor.authorCromarty, Allan Duncan
dc.contributor.authorBester, Megan Jean
dc.contributor.authorMinnaar, Amanda
dc.contributor.authorDuodu, Kwaku Gyebi
dc.contributor.emailgyebi.duodu@up.ac.zaen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-09-19T07:07:58Z
dc.date.available2013-03-31T00:20:02Z
dc.date.issued2012-03
dc.description.abstractFreeze-dried aqueous phenolic extracts with possible application as natural antioxidant functional food ingredients were prepared from marama bean seed coats by extracting with water. Phenolic acids, flavonoids and proanthocyanidins in the extracts were characterised by HPLC/MS. The major flavonoids were the flavanols methyl (epi)afzelechin-3-O-gallate (40%) and methyl (epi)catechin-3-O-gallate (28%), and the major phenolic acid was gallic acid (10%). Proanthocyanidins in the extracts were predominantly prodelphinidins composed of epicatechin-3-O-gallate and epigallocatechin present as major terminal and extension units and epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate and epicatechin present as minor extension unit constituents. The polymer structure was found to be unique compared with other legumes because of the high percentage of galloylated units. Extracts showed a high DPPH free radical scavenging activity (707 μmol TE g−1), protective effect against AAPH-induced human red blood cell haemolysis and copper-catalysed human LDL oxidation suggesting that the extracts may have potential health benefits.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThe EU for supporting this work through the EU FP-grant (FP6-2004- INCO-DEV-3-MARAMA II-032059), Development of Innovative and Healthful Marama bean (Tylosema esculentum) Products Targeting Niche Markets (http:// www.marama.life.ku.dk/).en_US
dc.description.urihttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2621en_US
dc.identifier.citationShelembe, JS, Cromarty, D, Bester, MJ, Minnaar, A & Duodu, KG 2012, 'Characterisation of phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and antioxidant activity of water extracts from seed coats of marama bean [Tylosema esculentum] - an underutilised food legume', International Journal of Food Science and Technology, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 648-655.en_US
dc.identifier.issn0950-5423 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1365-2621 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02889.x
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/19820
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWiley-Blackwellen_US
dc.rights© 2012 The Authors and Institute of Food Science and Technology. The definite version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2621.en_US
dc.subjectAntioxidant activityen_US
dc.subjectHPLC ⁄ MSen_US
dc.subjectThiolysisen_US
dc.subjectLDL oxidationen_US
dc.subjectMarama beanen_US
dc.subjectPhenolicsen_US
dc.subjectProanthocyanidinen_US
dc.subjectProdelphinidinen_US
dc.titleCharacterisation of phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and antioxidant activity of water extracts from seed coats of marama bean [Tylosema esculentum] - an underutilised food legumeen_US
dc.typePostprint Articleen_US

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