Abstract:
This study aims to derive bioenergy from waste lather fat and citronella grass. Lather fat oil (LFO), citronella
grass oil (CGO), a mixture of leather fat oil and citronella grass oil (LFCGO), and a nano-additive-incorporated
mixture of lather fat oil and citronella grass oil (NFCO) were synthesized and used in diesel engines as the novelty
of this study. ASTM standards were used to investigate and guarantee the fuel’s properties. According to the
experimental report, the nanoadditive’s brake thermal efficiency and brake-specific fuel consumption were more
comparable to diesel fuel. Compared to diesel, the NFCO blend reduced hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and
particulate emissions by 6.48%, 12.33%, and 16.66%, respectively, while carbon dioxide and oxides of nitrogen
emissions increased. The experiment’s outcomes were verified using an artificial neural network (ANN). The
trained model exhibits a remarkable coefficient of determination of 98%, with high R values varying from 0.9075
to 0.9998 and low mean absolute percentage error values ranging from 0.97% to 4.24%. Based on the experimental
findings and validation report, it can be concluded that NFCO is an efficient diesel fuel substitute.
