Abstract:
PURPOSE : This study investigated the root and canal morphology of the
permanent anterior dentition in a Black South African population.
METHODS : In total 2,343 permanent anterior teeth were evaluated using
cone-beam computed tomography images and described according to the
Vertucci and Ahmed et al. classifications. Demographic information, root
number and internal canal morphology were recorded. Age and sex associations
were made using Fisher’s exact test (P < 0.05).
RESULTS : All anterior teeth were single-rooted (100%). The most frequent
configuration in maxillary anteriors was a single canal (Vertucci Type
I/1MXA1). In mandibular anteriors, single canal configurations (Type
I/1MDA1) predominated, however 36.6% of mandibular central and 33.9%
of lateral incisors displayed two canals. Older subjects (>40 years) demonstrated
single canals more than younger subjects (P = 0.0004). Females
displayed variations more compared to males (P = 0.002). The two classifications
were found to be comparable for evaluation of permanent
anterior teeth. Complex configurations were better described using the
newer system.
CONCLUSION : The permanent anterior teeth of this population exhibited
exclusively single roots and diverse internal characteristics. Clinicians
should be aware of anatomical variations, particularly in mandibular incisors,
as these may result in adverse endodontic outcomes if not taken into
consideration by the treating practitioner.
