Serum anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a IgG antibodies are biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis
Halstead, S.K.; Gourlay, D.S.; Penderis, J.; Bianchi, E.; Dondi, M.; Wessmann, A.; Musteata, M.; Le Chevoir, M.; Martinez-Anton, L.; Bhatti, S.F.M.; Volk, H.; Mateo, I.; Tipold, A.; Ives, E.; Pakozdy, A.; Gutierrez-Quintana, R.; Brocal, J.; Whitehead, Z.; Granger, N.; Pazzi, Paolo; Harcourt-Brown, T.; Jose-Lopez, R.; Rupp, S.; Schenk, H.C.; Smith, P.; Gandini, G.; Menchetti, M.; Mortera-Balsa, V.; Rusbridge, C.; Tauro, A.; Cozzi, F.; Deutschland, M.; Tirrito, F.; Freeman, P.; Lowrie, M.; Jackson, M.R.; Willison, H.J.; Rupp, A.
Date:
2022-02
Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:
A previous single-country pilot study indicated serum anti-GM2 and anti-GA1 anti-glycolipid antibodies as potential biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. This study aims to validate these findings in a large geographically heterogenous cohort.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Sera from 175 dogs clinically diagnosed with acute canine polyradiculoneuritis, 112 dogs with other peripheral nerve, cranial nerve or neuromuscular disorders and 226 neurologically normal dogs were screened for anti-glycolipid antibodies against 11 common glycolipid targets to determine the immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis.
RESULTS:
Anti-GM2 anti-glycolipid antibodies reached the highest combined sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity: 65.1%, 95% confidence interval 57.6 to 72.2%; specificity: 90.2%, 95% confidence interval 83.1 to 95.0%), followed by anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies (sensitivity: 61.7%, 95% confidence interval 54.1 to 68.9%; specificity: 89.3%, 95% confidence interval 82.0 to 94.3%) and these anti-glycolipid antibodies were frequently present concomitantly. Anti-GA1 anti-glycolipid antibodies were detected in both acute canine polyradiculoneuritis and control animals. Both for anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies, sex was found a significantly associated factor with a female to male odds ratio of 2.55 (1.27 to 5.31) and 3.00 (1.22 to 7.89), respectively. Anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies were more commonly observed in dogs unable to walk (OR 4.56, 1.56 to 14.87).
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE:
Anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies represent serum biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis.
