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dc.contributor.author | Kallmeyer, Karlien![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ryder, M.A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pepper, Michael Sean![]() |
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dc.date.accessioned | 2022-12-07T07:49:15Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-12-07T07:49:15Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-04 | |
dc.description.abstract | The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has transformed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 into a chronic, well-managed disease. However, these therapies do not eliminate all infected cells from the body despite suppressing viral load. Viral rebound is largely due to the presence of cellular reservoirs which support long-term persistence of HIV-1. A thorough understanding of the HIV-1 reservoir will facilitate the development of new strategies leading to its detection, reduction, and elimination, ultimately leading to curative therapies for HIV-1. Although immune cells derived from lymphoid and myeloid progenitors have been thoroughly studied as HIV-1 reservoirs, few studies have examined whether mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) can assume this function. In this review, we evaluate published studies which have assessed whether MSCs contribute to the HIV-1 reservoir. MSCs have been found to express the receptors and co-receptors required for HIV-1 entry, albeit at levels of expression and receptor localisation that vary considerably between studies. Exposure to HIV-1 and HIV-1 proteins alters MSC properties in vitro, including their proliferation capacity and differentiation potential. However, in vitro and in vivo experiments investigating whether MSCs can become infected with and harbour latent integrated proviral DNA are lacking. In conclusion, MSCs appear to have the potential to contribute to the HIV-1 reservoir. However, further studies are needed using techniques such as those used to prove that cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ T cells constitute an HIV-1 reservoir before a reservoir function can definitively be ascribed to MSCs. | en_US |
dc.description.department | Immunology | en_US |
dc.description.librarian | hj2022 | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | The South African Medical Research Council (Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy and University Flagship grants) and the University of Pretoria through the Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine. | en_US |
dc.description.uri | http://link.springer.com/journal/12015 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Kallmeyer, K., Ryder, M.A. & Pepper, M.S. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: a Possible Reservoir for HIV-1? Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 18, 1253–1280 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-021-10298-5. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1550-8943 (print) | |
dc.identifier.issn | 1558-6804 (online) | |
dc.identifier.other | 10.1007/s12015-021-10298-5 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/88682 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | Springer | en_US |
dc.rights | © The Author(s) 2021. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. | en_US |
dc.subject | Antiretroviral therapy (ART) | en_US |
dc.subject | Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) | en_US |
dc.subject | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) | en_US |
dc.subject | Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) | en_US |
dc.subject | Cellular reservoirs | en_US |
dc.subject | Receptors/co-receptors | en_US |
dc.subject | HIV-1 proteins | en_US |
dc.subject | HIV-1 latency | en_US |
dc.subject | Stem cells | en_US |
dc.subject | infection | en_US |
dc.subject | Viral rebound | en_US |
dc.title | Mesenchymal stromal cells : a possible reservoir for HIV-1? | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |