DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : Telemetry data cannot be shared publicly because they contain the locations of an endangered and highly poached species. The environmental and human data necessary for reproducing our results are available at: https://osf.io/eyanr/. Much of these data have also been published under Loarie et al (2009).
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL : S1 Table. Telemetry sample size.
Table of the number of males and female elephants providing telemetry data broken down by conservation cluster of occurrences. Included are the major protected areas in each cluster.
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S2 Table. Area of layer intersection.
Table providing amount of area considered suitable within each country of interest for each data layer used in addition to the combined data.
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S1 Fig. Map of suitable landscapes.
High resolution map showing areas that are both environmentally suitable for elephants and currently experience low human activity.
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S2 Fig. Distribution of slope across conservation clusters.
Histogram of elephant telemetry points at various slopes for each metapopulation cluster. The red dashed line indicates the threshold (3°) of preference for suitability.
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S3 Fig. Distance to rivers across conservation clusters.
Accumulation curve of area within a conservation cluster as the distance increases away from rivers of varying flow orders.
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4 Fig. Distribution of crop probability across conservation clusters.
Histogram of elephant telemetry points at various cropland probabilities for each metapopulation cluster outside of protected areas. The red dashed line indicates the threshold (25%) of preference for suitability.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275791.s006
S5 Fig. Distribution of human population density across conservation clusters.
Histogram of elephant telemetry points at various human population densities for each metapopulation cluster outside of protected areas. The red dashed line indicates the threshold (25 people per km2) of preference for suitability.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275791.s007
S6 Fig. Elephant interactions with cattle.
A) Histogram of elephant telemetry points at various cattle densities for each metapopulation cluster outside of protected areas. The red dashed line indicates the threshold (5 cattle per km2) of preference for suitability. B) A map of elephant telemetry points illustrating how spill over from protected areas leads to interactions with areas of high cattle density.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275791.s008