Abstract:
BACKGROUND : The availability of well and functional healthcare workers (HCWs) and support staff is pivotal to a country’s ability to
manage the COVID-19 pandemic effectively. While HCWs have been identified as being at increased risk for acquisition of SARS-CoV-2
infection, there is a paucity of data pertaining to South African (SA) HCW-related infection rates. Global and provincial disparities in these
numbers necessitate local data in order to mitigate risks.
OBJECTIVES : To ascertain the overall SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and outcomes among all hospital staff at three hospitals in the Tshwane
district of Gauteng Province, SA, and further determine associations with the development of severe COVID-19 disease.
METHODS : This retrospective audit was conducted across three academic hospitals in the Tshwane district for the period 1 June - 31 August
2020. Deidentified data from occupational health and safety departments at each hospital were used to calculate infection rates. A more
detailed analysis at one of the three hospitals included evaluation of demographics, work description, possible source of SARS-CoV-2
exposure (community or hospital), comorbidities and outcomes.
RESULTS : The period prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections ranged from 6.1% to 15.4% between the three hospitals, with the average period
prevalence being 11.1%. The highest incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections was observed among administrative staff (2.8 cases per 1 000
staff days), followed by nursing staff (2.7 cases per 1 000 staff days). Medical doctors had the lowest incidence of 1.1 cases per 1 000 staff
days. SARS-CoV-2 infections were categorised as either possibly community or possibly healthcare facility acquired for 26.6% and 73.4% of
the infections, respectively. The administrative group had the highest proportion of possible community-acquired infections (41.8%), while
doctors had the lowest (6.1%). The mean age of individuals with mild and severe disease was 41 years and 46.1 years, respectively (p=0.004).
The presence of comorbidities was significantly associated with severity of disease (p=0.002).
CONCLUSIONS : This study highlights that hospital staff, including administrative staff, are clearly at high risk for acquisition of SARS-CoV-2
infection during a surge.
