A combination approach in inhibiting type 2 diabetes-related enzymes using Ecklonia radiata fucoidan and acarbose
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Date
Authors
Mabate, Blessing
Daub, Chantal Desiree
Malgas, Samkelo
Edkins, Adrienne Lesley
Pletschke, Brett Ivan
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Abstract
Although there are chemotherapeutic efforts in place for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),
there is a need for novel strategies (including natural products) to manage T2DM. Fucoidan, a
sulphated polysaccharide was extracted from Ecklonia radiata. The integrity of the fucoidan was
confirmed by structural analysis techniques such as FT-IR, NMR and TGA. In addition, the fucoidan
was chemically characterised and tested for cell toxicity. The fucoidan was investigated with regards
to its potential to inhibit -amylase and -glucosidase. The fucoidan was not cytotoxic and inhibited
-glucosidase (IC50 19 g/mL) more strongly than the standard commercial drug acarbose (IC50
332 g/mL). However, the fucoidan lacked potency against -amylase. On the other hand, acarbose
was a more potent inhibitor of -amylase (IC50 of 109 g/mL) than -glucosidase. Due to side
effects associated with the use of acarbose, a combination approach using acarbose and fucoidan was
investigated. The combination showed synergistic inhibition (>70%) of -glucosidase compared to
when the drugs were used alone. The medicinal implication of this synergism is that a regimen with
a reduced acarbose dose may be used, thus minimising side effects to the patient, while achieving
the desired therapeutic effect for managing T2DM.
Description
Keywords
Acarbose, Combination approach, Ecklonia radiata, Fucoidan, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)
Sustainable Development Goals
Citation
Mabate, B.; Daub, C.D.;
Malgas, S.; Edkins, A.L.; Pletschke,
B.I. A Combination Approach in
Inhibiting Type 2 Diabetes-Related
Enzymes Using Ecklonia radiata
Fucoidan and Acarbose.
Pharmaceutics 2021, 13, 1979. https://DOI.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111979.