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dc.contributor.author | Akiyama, Kazunori![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Alberdi, Antxon![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Alef, Walter![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Algaba, Juan Carlos![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Anantua, Richard![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Asada, Keiichi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Azulay, Rebecca![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bach, Uwe![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Baczko, Anne-Kathrin![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ball, David![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Baloković, Mislav![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Barrett, John![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bauböck, Michi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Benson, Bradford A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bintley, Dan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Blackburn, Lindy![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Blundell, Raymond![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bouman, Katherine L.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bower, Geoffrey C.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Boyce, Hope![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bremer, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Brinkerink, Christiaan D.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Brissenden, Roger![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Britzen, Silke![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Broderick, Avery E.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Broguiere, Dominique![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bronzwaer, Thomas![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bustamante, Sandra![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Byun, Do-Young![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Carlstrom, John E.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ceccobello, Chiara![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chael, Andrew![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chan, Chi-kwan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chatterjee, Koushik![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chatterjee, Shami![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chen, Ming-Tang![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chen, Yongjun![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cheng, Xiaopeng![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cho, Ilje![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Christian, Pierre![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Conroy, Nicholas S.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Conway, John E.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cordes, James M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Crawford, Thomas M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Crew, Geoffrey B.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cui, Yuzhu![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Davelaar, Jordy![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | De Laurentis, Mariafelicia![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Deane, Roger![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Dempsey, Jessica![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Desvignes, Gregory![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Dexter, Jason![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Dhruv, Vedant![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Doeleman, Sheperd S.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Dougal, Sean![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Dzib, Sergio A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Eatough, Ralph P.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Emami, Razieh![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Falcke, Heino![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Farah, Joseph![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Fish, Vincent L.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Fomalont, Ed![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ford, H. Alyson![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Fraga-Encinas, Raquel![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Freeman, William T.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Friberg, Per![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Fromm, Christian M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Fuentes, Antonio![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Galison, Peter![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gammie, Charles F.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | García, Roberto![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gentaz, Olivier![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Georgiev, Boris![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Goddi, Ciriaco![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gold, Roman![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gomez, José L.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gu, Minfeng![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gurwell, Mark![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Hada, Kazuhiro![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Haggard, Daryl![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Haworth, Kari![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Hecht, Michael H.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Hesper, Ronald![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Heumann, Dirk![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ho, Luis C.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ho, Paul![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Honma, Mareki![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Huang, Chih-Wei L.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Huang, Lei![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Hughes, David H.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ikeda, Shiro![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Impellizzeri, C.M. Violette![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Inoue, Makoto![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Issaoun, Sara![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | James, David J.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jannuzi, Buell T.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Janssen, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jeter, Britton![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jiang, Wu![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Johnson, Michael D.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jorstad, Svetlana![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Joshi, Abhishek V.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jung, Taehyun![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Karami, Mansour![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Karuppusamy, Ramesh![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kawashima, Tomohisa![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Keating, Garrett K.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kettenis, Mark![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kim, Dong-Jin![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kim, Jae-Young![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kim, Jongsoo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kim, Junhan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kino, Motoki![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Koay, Jun Yi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kocherlakota, Prashant![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kofuji, Yutaro![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Koch, Patrick M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Koyama, Shoko![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kramer, Carsten![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kramer, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Krichbaum, Thomas P.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kuo, Cheng-Yu![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | La Bella, Noemi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lauer, Tod R.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lee, Daeyoung![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lee, Sang-Sung![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Leung, Po Kin![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Levis, Aviad![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Li, Zhiyuan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lico, Rocco![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lindahl, Greg![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lindqvist, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lisakov, Mikhail![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Liu, Jun![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Liu, Kuo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Liuzzo, Elisabetta![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lo, Wen-Ping![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lobanov, Andrei P.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Loinard, Laurent![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lonsdale, Colin J.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Lu, Ru-Sen![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Mao, Jirong![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Marchili, Nicola![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Markoff, Sera![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Marrone, Daniel P.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Marscher, Alan P.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Marti-Vidal, Iván![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Matsushita, Satoki![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Matthews, Lynn D.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Medeiros, Lia![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Menten, Karl M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Michalik, Daniel![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Mizuno, Izumi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Mizuno, Yosuke![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Moran, James M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Moriyama, Kotaro![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Moscibrodzka, Monika![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Muller, Cornelia![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Mus, Alejandro![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Musoke, Gibwa![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Myserlis, Ioannis![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nadolski, Andrew![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nagai, Hiroshi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nagar, Neil M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nakamura, Masanori![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Narayan, Ramesh![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Narayanan, Gopal![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Natarajan, Iniyan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nathanail, Antonios![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Navarro Fuentes, Santiago![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Neilsen, Joey![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Neri, Roberto![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ni, Chunchong![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Noutsos, Aristeidis![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nowak, Michael A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Oh, Junghwan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Okino, Hiroki![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Olivares, Héctor![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ortiz-León, Gisela N.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Oyama, Tomoaki![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Özel, Feryal![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Palumbo, Daniel C. M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Paraschos, Georgios Filippos![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Park, Jongho![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Parsons, Harriet![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Patel, Nimesh![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pen, Ue-Li![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pesce, Dominic W.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Piétu, Vincent![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Plambeck, Richard![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | PopStefanija, Aleksandar![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Porth, Oliver![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pötzl, Felix M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Prather, Ben![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Preciado-Lopez, Jorge A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Psaltis, Dimitrios![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pu, Hung-Yi![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Rao, Ramprasad![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Rawlings, Mark G.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Raymond, Alexander W.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Rezzolla, Luciano![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ricarte, Angelo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ripperda, Bart![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Roelofs, Freek![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Rogers, Alan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ros, Eduardo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Romero-Cañizales, Cristina![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Roshanineshat, Arash![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Rottmann, Helge![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Roy, Alan L.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ruiz, Ignacio![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ruszczyk, Chet![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Rygl, Kazi L. J.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sanchez, Salvador![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sanchez-Argüelles, David![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sanchez-Portal, Miguel![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sasada, Mahito![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Satapathy, Kaushik![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Savolainen, Tuomas![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Schloerb, F. Peter![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Schonfeld, Jonathan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Schuster, Karl-Friedrich![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Shao, Lijing![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Shen, Zhiqiang![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Small, Des![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sohn, Bong Won![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | SooHoo, Jason![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Souccar, Kamal![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sun, He![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Tazaki, Fumie![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Tetarenko, Alexandra J.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Tiede, Paul![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Tilanus, Remo P. J.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Titus, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Torne, Pablo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Traianou, Efthalia![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Trent, Tyler![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Trippe, Sascha![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Turk, Matthew![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Van Bemmel, Ilse![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Van Langevelde, Huib Jan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Van Rossum, Daniel R.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Vos, Jesse![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wagner, Jan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ward-Thompson, Derek![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wardle, John![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Weintroub, Jonathan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wex, Norbert![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wharton, Robert![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wielgus, Maciek![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wiik, Kaj![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Witzel, Gunther![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wondrak, Michael F.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wong, George N.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wu, Qingwen![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Yamaguchi, Paul![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Yoon, Doosoo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Young, Andre![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Young, Ken![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Younsi, Ziri![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Yuan, Feng![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Yuan, Ye-Fei![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Zensus, J. Anton![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Zhang, Shuo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Zhao, Guang-Yao![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Zhao, Shan-Shan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Agurto, Claudio![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Araneda, Juan Pablo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Arriagada, Oriel![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Bertarini, Alessandra![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Berthold, Ryan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Blanchard, Jay![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Brown, Ken![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cárdenas, Mauricio![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Cantzler, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Caro, Patricio![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Chuter, Tim C.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ciechanowicz, Miroslaw![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Coulson, Iain M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Crowley, Joseph![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Degenaar, Nathalie![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Dornbusch, Sven![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Duran, Carlos A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Forster, Karl![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Geertsema, Gertie![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gonzalez, Edouard![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Graham, Dave![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Gueth, Frédéric![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Han, Chih-Chiang![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Herrera, Cristian![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Herrero-Illana, Ruben![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Heyminck, Stefan![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Hoge, James![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Huang, Yau-De![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Jiang, Homin![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | John, David![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Klein, Thomas![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kubo, Derek![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kuroda, John![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Kwon, Caleb![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Laing, Robert![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Liu, Ching-Tang![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Liu, Kuan-Yu![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Mac-Auliffe, Felipe![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Martin-Cocher, Pierre![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Matulonis, Callie![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Messias, Hugo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Meyer-Zhao, Zheng![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Montenegro-Montes, Francisco![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Montgomerie, William![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Muders, Dirk![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Nishioka, Hiroaki![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Norton, Timothy J.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Olivares, Rodrigo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pérez-Beaupuits, Juan Pablo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Parra, Rodrigo![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Poirier, Michael![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Pradel, Nicolas![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Raffin, Philippe A.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Ramírez, Jorge![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Reynolds, Mark![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Saez-Madain, Alejandro F.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Santana, Jorge![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Silva, Kevin M.![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Sousa, Don![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Stahm, William![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Torstensson, Karl![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Venegas, Paulina![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Walthe, Craig![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wieching, Gundolf![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wijnands, Rudy![]() |
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dc.contributor.author | Wouterloot, Jan G. A.![]() |
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dc.date.accessioned | 2022-07-28T06:09:51Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-07-28T06:09:51Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-05 | |
dc.description.abstract | We present Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) 1.3 mm measurements of the radio source located at the position of the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), collected during the 2017 April 5–11 campaign. The observations were carried out with eight facilities at six locations across the globe. Novel calibration methods are employed to account for Sgr A*'s flux variability. The majority of the 1.3 mm emission arises from horizon scales, where intrinsic structural source variability is detected on timescales of minutes to hours. The effects of interstellar scattering on the image and its variability are found to be subdominant to intrinsic source structure. The calibrated visibility amplitudes, particularly the locations of the visibility minima, are broadly consistent with a blurred ring with a diameter of ∼50 μas, as determined in later works in this series. Contemporaneous multiwavelength monitoring of Sgr A* was performed at 22, 43, and 86 GHz and at near-infrared and X-ray wavelengths. Several X-ray flares from Sgr A* are detected by Chandra, one at low significance jointly with Swift on 2017 April 7 and the other at higher significance jointly with NuSTAR on 2017 April 11. The brighter April 11 flare is not observed simultaneously by the EHT but is followed by a significant increase in millimeter flux variability immediately after the X-ray outburst, indicating a likely connection in the emission physics near the event horizon. We compare Sgr A*'s broadband flux during the EHT campaign to its historical spectral energy distribution and find that both the quiescent emission and flare emission are consistent with its long-term behavior. | en_US |
dc.description.department | Physics | en_US |
dc.description.uri | http://iopscience.iop.org/2041-8205 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W. et al. 2022, 'First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. II. EHT and multiwavelength observations, data processing, and calibration', The Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 930, np. 2, art. L13, pp. 1-31, doi : 10.3847/2041-8213/ac6675. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 2041-8205 (print) | |
dc.identifier.issn | 2041-8213 (online) | |
dc.identifier.other | 10.3847/2041-8213/ac6675 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/86519 | |
dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
dc.publisher | IOP Publishing | en_US |
dc.rights | © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. | en_US |
dc.subject | Black holes | en_US |
dc.subject | Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) | en_US |
dc.subject | Radio source | en_US |
dc.subject | Supermassive black hole | en_US |
dc.subject | Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) | en_US |
dc.title | First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope results. II. EHT and multiwavelength observations, data processing, and calibration | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |