dc.contributor.author |
Aina, Samuel Tomi
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Du Plessis, Barend Jacobus
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Mjimba, Vuyo
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Brink, Hendrik Gideon
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2021-11-29T08:41:22Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2021-11-29T08:41:22Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2022-01 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
As climate change continues to rank high among issues of global concern, industries such as agriculture and construction continue to unearth possible ways to curb carbon dioxide generation and encourage the use or reuse of a variety of by-products and waste materials fostering the implementation of cleaner technologies. Eggshells form a notable component of this waste, making up more than 7.6 million metric tonnes annually. Research works involving the calcination of eggshells have often been done by burning both shell and its constituent proteins and membrane to produce calcium oxide, CaO. This novel research investigated a cleaner means of CaO synthesis by recovering the shell membrane and some valuable chemical compounds from eggshells before calcination. Atomic absorption (AA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Ultra-performance-liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS), and RGB color analysis were all employed. Acetic and Nitric acid was used to weaken the shell-membrane bond, thereby aiding membrane separation. Shell membrane was easily separated after 17 minutes of soaking time. Calcium oxide, CaO was synthesized from separated shells after calcination for 3 hours at 900 ℃. 99% CaO with an RGB value of 253 was produced. Collagen, as well as other chemical compounds, were recovered. Eggshell was successfully valorized for CaO production. The shell membrane, collagen, and other recovered compounds, which would have been burnt off and left as an impurity in the CaO, can now the put to more profitable use. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Chemical Engineering |
en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian |
hj2021 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.sponsorship |
The National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa and the
World Academy of Science (TWAS). |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
https://biointerfaceresearch.com |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Aina, S., Du Plessis, B., Mjimba, V. et al. 2022, 'Eggshell valorization: membrane removal, calcium oxide synthesis, and biochemical compound recovery towards cleaner productions', Biointerface Research in Applied Chemistry, vol. 12, no. 5, pp. 5870-5883, https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC125.58705883. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
2069-5837 (online) |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/82856 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
AMG Transcend Association |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
© 2021 by the authors; This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Eggshells |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Circular economy |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Calcium oxide |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Waste valorisation |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Protein recovery |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Cleaner technology |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
RGB color analysis |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Atomic absorption |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Ultra-performance-liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
X-ray diffraction (XRD) |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
Eggshell valorization : membrane removal, calcium oxide synthesis, and biochemical compound recovery towards cleaner productions |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Article |
en_ZA |