Abstract:
Feed shortage is the main cause of poor production performance in livestock under
smallholder farmer’s in South Africa. Therefore, this study evaluated the growth performance,
nutritive value and in vitro ruminal fermentation of Stylosanthes scabra accessions in climatic condition
of Pretoria, South Africa as potential forage sources in order to improve feed quality and subsequently
livestock production. Stylosanthes scabra accessions were planted in 6 m2 plots following a complete
randomized block design with three replicates per accession. The plants were allowed to grow to full
maturity after which forage was harvested and yield, chemical composition, phenolic compounds,
in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristic were
determined. Forage yield of accessions ranged between 4.3 to 5.3 t ha−1
in dry matter (DM),
and only twelve accessions were identified to be adaptable over the three-year evaluation under
rain-fed. Accessions 140, 9281, 11,252, 11,595, 11,604 and 11,625 were consistent in terms of
forage yield over the three years. Significant differences among accessions were observed for
crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), IVOMD, metabolizable energy, metabolizable
energy yield, gas production, total phenols, total hydrolysable tannins and total condensed tannins.
Principal component and clustering analysis showed that accessions 11,255 and 11,625 are distinct
in their characteristics as compared to the rest of the accessions, and both accessions are suitable
forage source for animals since they contain low NDF with good forage production and crude protein
content. However, there is a need for further study to integrate these accessions into the feeding
systems in order to improve livestock production.
