Influenza viral shedding in a prospective cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected children and adults in 2 provinces of South Africa, 2012-2014

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dc.contributor.author Von Mollendorf, Claire
dc.contributor.author Hellferscee, Orienka
dc.contributor.author Valley-Omar, Ziyaad
dc.contributor.author Treurnicht, Florette K.
dc.contributor.author Walaza, Sibongile
dc.contributor.author Martinson, Neil A.
dc.contributor.author Lebina, Limakatso
dc.contributor.author Mothlaoleng, Katlego
dc.contributor.author Mahlase, Gethwana
dc.contributor.author Variava, Ebrahim
dc.contributor.author Cohen, Adam L.
dc.contributor.author Venter, Marietjie
dc.contributor.author Cohen, Cheryl
dc.contributor.author Tembo, Stefano
dc.date.accessioned 2018-10-09T11:25:50Z
dc.date.issued 2018-10
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND : Prolonged shedding of influenza viruses may be associated with increased transmissibility and resistance mutation acquisition due to therapy. We compared duration and magnitude of influenza shedding between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected and -uninfected individuals. METHODS : A prospective cohort study during 3 influenza seasons enrolled patients with influenza-like illness and a positive influenza rapid test. Influenza viruses were detected by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Weibull accelerated failure time regression models were used to describe influenza virus shedding. Mann-Whitney U tests explored initial influenza viral loads (VL). RESULTS : Influenza virus shedding duration was similar in 65 HIV-infected (6 days; interquartile range [IQR] 3–10) and 176 HIV-uninfected individuals (7 days; IQR 4–11; P = .97), as was initial influenza VL (HIV-uninfected 5.28 ± 1.33 log10 copies/mL, HIV-infected 4.73 ± 1.68 log10 copies/mL; P = .08). Adjusted for age, HIV-infected individuals with low CD4 counts shed influenza virus for longer than those with higher counts (adjusted hazard ratio 3.55; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–12.08). DISCUSSION : A longer duration of influenza virus shedding in HIV-infected individuals with low CD4 counts may suggest a possible increased risk for transmission or viral evolution in severely immunocompromised individuals. HIV-infected individuals should be prioritized for annual influenza immunization. en_ZA
dc.description.department Medical Virology en_ZA
dc.description.embargo 2019-10-15
dc.description.librarian hj2018 en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorship The National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement no. 5U51IP000155). en_ZA
dc.description.uri http://jid.oxfordjournals.org en_ZA
dc.identifier.citation Von Mollendorf, C., Hellferscee, O., Valley-Omar, Z. et al. 2018, 'Influenza viral shedding in a prospective cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected children and adults in 2 provinces of South Africa, 2012-2014', Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 218, no. 8, pp. 1228-1237. en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 0022-1899 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1537-6613 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1093/infdis/jiy310
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66828
dc.language.iso en en_ZA
dc.publisher Oxford University Press en_ZA
dc.rights © The Author 2018. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Infectious Diseases following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is : Influenza viral shedding in a prospective cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected children and adults in 2 provinces of South Africa, 2012-2014, Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 218, no. 8, pp. 1228-1237, 2018. doi : 10.1093/infdis/jiy310, is available online at : http://jid.oxfordjournals.org. en_ZA
dc.subject Influenza en_ZA
dc.subject Shedding en_ZA
dc.subject Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) en_ZA
dc.subject South Africa (SA) en_ZA
dc.subject HIV infections en_ZA
dc.subject Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) en_ZA
dc.subject CD4 count determination procedure en_ZA
dc.subject Adults en_ZA
dc.subject Children en_ZA
dc.subject Immunocompromised host en_ZA
dc.subject Orthomyxoviridae en_ZA
dc.title Influenza viral shedding in a prospective cohort of HIV-infected and uninfected children and adults in 2 provinces of South Africa, 2012-2014 en_ZA
dc.type Postprint Article en_ZA


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