Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa

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dc.contributor.author Abolnik, Celia
dc.contributor.author Mubamba, C.
dc.contributor.author Wandrag, D.B.R. (Daniel)
dc.contributor.author Horner, R.
dc.contributor.author Gummow, Bruce
dc.contributor.author Dautu, G.
dc.contributor.author Bisschop, S.P.R. (Shahn)
dc.date.accessioned 2018-07-17T10:05:44Z
dc.date.issued 2018-04
dc.description.abstract It is widely accepted that Newcastle disease is endemic in most African countries, but little attention has been afforded to establishing the sources and frequency of the introductions of exotic strains. Newcastle disease outbreaks have a high cost in Africa, particularly on rural livelihoods. Genotype VIIh emerged in South‐East Asia and has since caused serious outbreaks in poultry in Malaysia, Indonesia, southern China, Vietnam and Cambodia. Genotype VIIh reached the African continent in 2011, with the first outbreaks reported in Mozambique. Here, we used a combination of phylogenetic evidence, molecular dating and epidemiological reports to trace the origins and spread of subgenotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa. We determined that the infection spread northwards through Mozambique, and then into the poultry of the north‐eastern provinces of Zimbabwe. From Mozambique, it also reached neighbouring Malawi and Zambia. In Zimbabwe, the disease spread southward towards South Africa and Botswana, causing outbreaks in backyard chickens in early‐to‐mid 2013. In August 2013, the disease entered South Africa's large commercial industry, and the entire country was infected within a year, likely through fomites and the movements of cull chickens. Illegal poultry trading or infected waste from ships and not wild migratory birds was the likely source of the introduction to Mozambique in 2011. en_ZA
dc.description.department Production Animal Studies en_ZA
dc.description.embargo 2019-04-01
dc.description.librarian hj2018 en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorship The National Research Foundation of South Africa. Grant Number: CPRR 93461. en_ZA
dc.description.uri http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tbed en_ZA
dc.identifier.citation Abolnik, C., Mubamba, C., Wandrag, D.B.R. et al. 2018, 'Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. e393-e403. en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 1865-1674 (print)
dc.identifier.issn 1865-1682 (online)
dc.identifier.other 10.1111/tbed.12771
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65769
dc.language.iso en en_ZA
dc.publisher Wiley en_ZA
dc.rights © 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article : 'Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. e393-e403, 2018, doi : 10.1111/tbed.12771. The definite version is available at : http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tbed. en_ZA
dc.subject Africa en_ZA
dc.subject Epidemiology en_ZA
dc.subject Molecular clock en_ZA
dc.subject Newcastle disease virus (NDV) en_ZA
dc.title Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa en_ZA
dc.type Postprint Article en_ZA


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