Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa

dc.contributor.authorAbolnik, Celia
dc.contributor.authorMubamba, C.
dc.contributor.authorWandrag, D.B.R. (Daniel)
dc.contributor.authorHorner, R.
dc.contributor.authorGummow, Bruce
dc.contributor.authorDautu, G.
dc.contributor.authorBisschop, S.P.R. (Shahn)
dc.contributor.emailcelia.abolnik@up.ac.zaen_ZA
dc.date.accessioned2018-07-17T10:05:44Z
dc.date.issued2018-04
dc.description.abstractIt is widely accepted that Newcastle disease is endemic in most African countries, but little attention has been afforded to establishing the sources and frequency of the introductions of exotic strains. Newcastle disease outbreaks have a high cost in Africa, particularly on rural livelihoods. Genotype VIIh emerged in South‐East Asia and has since caused serious outbreaks in poultry in Malaysia, Indonesia, southern China, Vietnam and Cambodia. Genotype VIIh reached the African continent in 2011, with the first outbreaks reported in Mozambique. Here, we used a combination of phylogenetic evidence, molecular dating and epidemiological reports to trace the origins and spread of subgenotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa. We determined that the infection spread northwards through Mozambique, and then into the poultry of the north‐eastern provinces of Zimbabwe. From Mozambique, it also reached neighbouring Malawi and Zambia. In Zimbabwe, the disease spread southward towards South Africa and Botswana, causing outbreaks in backyard chickens in early‐to‐mid 2013. In August 2013, the disease entered South Africa's large commercial industry, and the entire country was infected within a year, likely through fomites and the movements of cull chickens. Illegal poultry trading or infected waste from ships and not wild migratory birds was the likely source of the introduction to Mozambique in 2011.en_ZA
dc.description.departmentProduction Animal Studiesen_ZA
dc.description.embargo2019-04-01
dc.description.librarianhj2018en_ZA
dc.description.sponsorshipThe National Research Foundation of South Africa. Grant Number: CPRR 93461.en_ZA
dc.description.urihttp://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tbeden_ZA
dc.identifier.citationAbolnik, C., Mubamba, C., Wandrag, D.B.R. et al. 2018, 'Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. e393-e403.en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn1865-1674 (print)
dc.identifier.issn1865-1682 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1111/tbed.12771
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/65769
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.publisherWileyen_ZA
dc.rights© 2017 Blackwell Verlag GmbH. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article : 'Tracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africa', Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. e393-e403, 2018, doi : 10.1111/tbed.12771. The definite version is available at : http://wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/tbed.en_ZA
dc.subjectAfricaen_ZA
dc.subjectEpidemiologyen_ZA
dc.subjectMolecular clocken_ZA
dc.subjectNewcastle disease virus (NDV)en_ZA
dc.titleTracing the origins of genotype VIIh Newcastle disease in southern Africaen_ZA
dc.typePostprint Articleen_ZA

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