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Electrical characterization of vapor-phase-grown single-crystal ZnO
Auret, Francois Danie; Goodman, Stewart Alexander; Legodi, Matshisa Johannes; Meyer, Walter Ernst; Look, D.C.
Gold Schottky-barrier diodes ~SBDs! were fabricated on vapor-phase-grown single-crystal ZnO. Deep-level transient spectroscopy, using these SBDs, revealed the presence of four electron traps, the major two having levels at 0.12 eV and 0.57 below the conduction band. Comparison with temperature-dependent Hall measurements suggests that the 0.12 eV level has a temperature activated capture cross section with a capture barrier of about 0.06 eV and that it may significantly contribute to the free-carrier density. Based on the concentrations of defects other than this shallow donor, we conclude that the quality of the vapor-phase-grown ZnO studied here supercedes that of other single-crystal ZnO reported up to now.