Die substansafhanklike geneesheer :'n maatskaplikewerkperspektief (Afrikaans)

Abstract

Afrikaans: Substansafhanklikheid is 'n universele verskynsel wat nie diskrimineer tussen ouderdom, geslag, status en beroep nie. Substansafhanklikheid ontsien geen beroepsgroep nie en ook nie die mediese beroep, met spesifieke verwysing na geneeshere nie. In Suid-Afrika is daar nog geen navorsing oor die substansafhanklike geneesheer gedoen nie. Internasionale navorsing oor substansafhanklikheid onder geneeshere is egter beskikbaar. 'n Behoefte aan beter begrip en kennis van die substansafhanklike geneesheer is 'n onderwerp wat aandag behoort te geniet met die oog op meer effektiewe dienslewering aan die teikengroep. Uit die literatuur blyk duidelik dat die substansafhanklike geneesheer unieke problematiek ervaar wat verband hou met sy beroep. Die doelstelling van hierdie navorsing was om die profiel van die substansafhanklike geneesheer saam te stel met die oog op die formulering van behandelings- en voorkomingsriglyne vanuit 'n maatskaplikewerkperspektief. In hierdie ondersoek is nie 'n hipotese geformuleer nie aangesien 'n verkennende ondersoek van 'n relatief onbekende terrein onderneem is. 'n Navorsingsvraag is wel gestel wat rigtinggewend vir die navorsing was. Hierdie ondersoek bestaan uit 'n Iiteratuurstudie en 'n empiriese ondersoek. Die doelwitte vir die ondersoek was om deur middel van 'n literatuurstudie inligting in te samel oor substansafhanklikheid as verskynsel by geneeshere, die profiel, psigososiale implikasies en belewenis van die substansafhanklike geneesheer en ook behandelings- en voorkomingsriglyne. 'n Verder doelwit was om deur middel van empiriese navorsing die profiel van die substansafhanklike geneesheer saam te stel, asook die psigososiale implikasies van substansafhanklikheid by die substansafhanklike geneesheer te ondersoek. Aan die hand van die ingesamelde data is aanbevelings vir behandeling en voorkoming geformuleer. Die literatuurstudie sluit in die etiologie en ontwikkeling van substansafhanklikheid, die omvang en wetgewing betreffende substansafhanklikheid en die substansafhanklike geneesheer. Ten slotte word die dinamika van die substansafhanklike geneesheer, behandelingsfasiliteite, behandelingsbenaderings en die behandelingsproses vir die substansafhanklike geneesheer bespreek. Die Iiteratuurstudie het as raamwerk gedien waarbinne die empiriese ondersoek gedoen is. In die empiriese ondersoek is 'n gekombineerde kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe benadering gevolg, naamlik die dominante-minder-dominanteontwerp van Creswell. In die ondersoek is van toegepaste navorsing gebruik gemaak, wat fokus op die verkryging van nuwe kennis en spreek onmiddellike problematiek aan wat in die praktyk ondervind word. In die ondersoek is daar verder van die verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerp gebruik gemaak. Die navorsingsprosedure wat ten opsigte van die kwantitatiewe benadering gevolg is, is die opnameprosedure wat die administrering van vraelyste as data insamelingsmetode behels het. Die navorsingsprosedure ten opsigte van die kwalitatiewe benadering was die voer van semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude met behulp van 'n semi-gestruktureerde onderhoudskedule. Die vertrouenswaardigheid van die kwalitatiewe deel van die navorsing is aan die hand van Guba se model geevalueer. Daar is by beide benaderings in die ondersoek gebruik gemaak van doelgerigte steekproefneming. Die kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe bevindinge van die ondersoek was aanvullend tot mekaar en het wedersyds bevindinge bevestig. Vanuit die bevindinge wat verkry is, is die navorsingsdoelstelling en navorsingsvraag beantwoord en is sekere aanbevelings vir voorkoming- en behandeling van substansafhanklikheid by die substansafhanklike geneesheer geformuleer. Verdere navorsing ten opsigte die ontwikkeling van 'n behandelingsprogram spesifiek vir geneeshere word aanbeveel. English: Substance dependency is a common phenomenon. Substance dependency does not discriminate against age, sex, status or occupation. Substance dependency occurs regardless the occupation of a person, not even the medical profession and the medical doctor are excluded from substance dependency. Research in South Africa about the substance dependant doctor is unknown and unavailable. International research does exist about this specific subject. It is important to gain knowledge and understanding about the phenomenon of the substance dependant doctor to formulate specific guidelines for treatment and preventative services. The substance dependant doctor experiences unique problems regarding their specific occupation. The purpose of this research is the composition of the profile of the substance dependant doctor from a social work perspective. Specific recommendations could be drawn from the conclusions and be implemented in the treatment of and prevention of substance dependency among doctors. The nature of this research was to explore an unknown phenomenon, therefore no hypothesis was formulated. A research question was formulated which gave specific direction to the research. This research comprises two divisions, namely a literature study and an empirical research. The research goals included a literature study to gain information about the phenomenon of substance dependency among doctors, a profile, psychosocial implications, experiences of substance dependant doctors and treatment and preventative guidelines. The empirical research comprised the composition of the profile of the substance dependant doctor, and explored the psychosocial implications of substance dependency among doctors. Based on the profile of the substance dependant doctor that was compiled from the processed data, recommendations were made for the treatment and prevention of substance dependency among doctors. The literature study included the aetiology and development of substance dependency, the extent of and regulations regarding substance dependency and substance dependency among doctors. In conclusion the literature study includes the dynamics of the substance dependant doctor, treatment facility's, treatment perspectives and the treatment process of the substance dependant doctor. The empirical research was conducted within a framework of a literature study. The empirical research included a combination of a quantitative and qualitative approach, namely the dominant-less-dominant model of Creswell. The type of research that was used in this study is applied research, which aimed to utilise new knowledge and to address problems in everyday practice. The explorative and descriptive research designs were used. The procedures that were used regarding the quantitative approach of the research, was the survey procedure. Data gathering with reference to the quantitative approach was conducted by using questionnaires that were administered by the researcher. The procedures that were used regarding the qualitative approach were semi-structured face-to-face-interviews with the aid of a semi-structured interview schedule. The trustworthiness of the qualitative research was assessed according the model of Guba. Purposive sampling was used in both approaches. The quantitative and qualitative data were complementary and mutually confirmed the findings of the data. Based on the findings of the processed data the research goals and research question were answered. Recommendations were made for the treatment and prevention of substance dependence among doctors. Further research on development of a treatment program specifically for doctors is recommended.