BACKGROUND : Significant mortality and morbidity occur after major lower limb amputation for diabetes-related foot complications and peripheral arterial disease. Risk factors for atherosclerosis and medical comorbidities ...

Reddy et al. present a worthy and timely review on breast cancer in HIV-infected patients. There is clearly a paucity of robust data on this important and common simultaneity. Some older retrospective reports describe ...

BACKGROUND : Thyroid nodules are common. Most patients with indeterminate fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) results are subjected to thyroidectomy for fear of malignancy. However, only 20–30% of these cases are found ...

Severely shocked patients with thoracic injury often require emergency thoracotomy before a definite diagnosis can be made. A method of management of pulmonary injury is described by performing exploratory resuscitative ...

INTRODUCTION : Penetrating injury may involve the major vessels in the abdomen. Injury to the abdominal inferior vena cava (IVC) is uncommon and is usually caused by gunshot wounds. Mortality from IVC injuries is high ...

BACKGROUND: South Africa has the highest prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the world, and is commonly found in association with appendicitis. Atypical presentation of appendicitis in the presence ...

The incidence of esophageal cancer varies widely in the world. In the Middle East, Africa, and Asia and parts of Europe, squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus dominates the esophageal cancer landscape. Worldwide the ...

PURPOSE : Rats are common intruders into human settlements. Apart from their role as disease vectors, they can also cause bite injuries. We describe the clinical course of a series of children with rat bites, and characterise ...

Lower limb varicose veins are a common complication of bipedal human movement and deep-vein thrombosis. However, they may have unusual causes, e.g. forming as collaterals around an obstruction or resulting from vascular ...