Avian influenza, a transboundary poultry disease of great economic importance, has been ravaging the poultry industry worldwide since the 1950s. The virus usually occurs as waves of epizootics in the poultry industry ...

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Land redistribution was legislated in 1994; it was designed to resolve historical imbalances in land ownership in South Africa. Between 2002 and 2006, a longitudinal observational study was conducted with 15 purposively ...

The levels of trace elements are an important component of safety and quality of milk. While certain elements such as chromium are essential at low levels, an excess can result in deleterious effects on human health. ...

A total of 788 serum samples from dairy cattle in Umbria, Italy, were tested for the presence of antibodies to Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ...

Chromium can act either as an essential micronutrient or a chemical carcinogen, depending on its oxidation state. Of the two most stable chromium oxidation states, Cr(VI) is a known carcinogen, while Cr(III) is an essential ...

Heartwater, a tick-borne disease caused by Ehrlichia ruminantium, is considered to be a significant cause of mortality amongst domestic and wild ruminants in South Africa. The main vector is Amblyomma hebraeum and although ...