Verbum et Ecclesia Volume 27 Issue 3 (2006)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://hdl.handle.net/2263/6761

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Significance of the use of ganja as a religious ritual in the Rastafari movement
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Pretorius, Stephanus Petrus
In 2000, the South African Constitutional Court ruled that religious freedom, including the exercise of religious rituals, may not contradict the laws of the country. This ruling came as a result of the Western Cape Law Society's refusal to admit a Rastafarian as lawyer because of his habit of smoking marijuana. He appealed to the Constitutional Court and claimed that the ruling infringed upon his right to religious freedom. The Constitutional Court upheld the decision that no exception may be made for one religion.
Natuurrampe en die voorsienigheid van God, met besondere verwysing na die beskouing van Johannes Calvyn
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Potgieter, P.C.
It stands to reason that many of those believing in the providence of God will look for theological guidance when natural disasters of a catastrophic magnitude strike. This paper explores the reasoning of well-known theologians, and particularly John Calvin, in this regard endeavouring to develop a relevant contribution towards deeper insight in the extremely difficult issue of a theodicy. Contrary to a popular idea that Calvin adopted an extremely harsh line on providence by which God becomes responsible for every kind of disaster, it is argued that he maintains a fine balance between the loving grace of our heavenly Father and his righteous judgment over mankind who undermined his intended order of nature by sin. Argued from a Christological perspective, the faithful should respect both God's revelation and his hidden plan, which they will not be able to fathom in this life. Whatever happens, they should be pastorally guided to humble patience and perseverance in sincere hope on God's unquestionable faithfulness, and the firm belief that he will guide his creation to its true destination.
Marks of the church in South Africa today - in dialogue with Jurgen Moltmann on his 80th birthday
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Naude, P.J.
In this celebration of Moltmann's 80th birthday, an ecclesiological reading of his well known trilogy, Theology of hope, The crucified God, and The church in the power of the Spirit is attempted. It is asserted that Moltmann's discussion of the marks of the church is a high point and summary of his early theological development. These insights are then applied to the situation of the church in South Africa today. The article closes with four contextual questions which are then "answered" in terms of the marks of the church.
Once again : investigating the identity of the three figures mentioned in Malachi 3:1
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Snyman, S.D. (Stephanus Daniel), 1954-; Snyman, Fanie, 1954-
The identity of the three figures mentioned in Malachi 3:1 remains an intriguing question for scholars. In this article an overview of the current state of research on this problem is given highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the different solutions while yet another proposal is made adding some new arguments to existing answers. An overview on the history of research done on this problem can be categorised into three groups: the three figures refer to three different personalities or they all refer to the same person or they refer to two different persons. The conclusion reached is that the three figures mentioned are references to two persons, the one human and the other divine. The messenger (ykia'l.m;) is identified as the prophet Malachi.
Eschatology in the first epistle of John : "koinwniva" in the "familia Dei"
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Van der Merwe, D.G. (Dirk Gysbert)
The schism that occurred in the Johannine community has been reinterpreted by the author of the first Epistle of John. In his opinion, the incident involving the schismatics could be interpreted as the coming of the antichrist(s), which marks the 'final hour' and describes an eschatological moment. This eschatological moment heightens the community's awareness of the fact that they live in an eschatological time, which will, at some time in the future, have an eschatological consummation, regardless of the form it takes. This present eschatological life is described by the author as continuous koinwniva within the family of God, the familia Dei, and as long as this family abides in the light, they will progressively experience divine life and fellowship. The consummation of this new existence will be experienced in the future, when the Son of God 'is revealed'. In this context one can label the eschatology of 1 John a progressively realizing eschato-logy that embraces a future eschatological consummation. A transitional eschatological event, which will end the present eschatological time and start a new one, is referred to by the author as 'when he (the Son of God) is revealed' (eja;n fanerwqh`/, 2:28; 3:2), 'his parousia' (parousiva/ aujtou`), 2:28), and 'the day of judgment' (th`/ hJmevra /th`~ krivsew~ 4:17). Both present and future eschatology have to be interpreted and understood from the perspective of koinwniva in the familia Dei.
Psalmberyming in Afrikaans
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Van Rensburg, Frans I.J. (Francois Izak Janse)
The article maps the process by means of which the versification of the Hebrew Psalms in Afrikaans, with its goal of acceptance by the relevant clerical bodies and their ecclesiastical community as a whole, ran its course. The process is illustrated by the history of the two versifications officially commissioned and approved by the mainstream Afrikaans churches, namely those of Totius (professor J D du Toit) and professor T T Cloete, more than half a century separated in time and trend (1937 and 2001 respectively). In view of the fact that both versifiers, as well as professor Lina Spies and dr. Antjie Krog who additionally contributed versifications of a few Psalms, are high profile poets, the evaluation of their work does not only take into account the factor of veracity (compliance with the Hebrew original), but also that of linguistic and stylistic excellence, the Psalms being regarded as poetry.
Christian attitude in business
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Vorster, J.M. (Jakobus Marthinus)
The beginning of the twenty-first century faces new challenges in the field of business ethics. Totally new macro-ethical challenges have arisen and they have already inspired constant ethical reflection. Two major developments in the field of economics paved the way for this new interest in business ethics: the total dominance of the market driven economy and economic globalization. This article investigates the ethical challenges posed by this new environment from a Christian ethical perspective. Firstly norms are formulated flowing from the paradigm of Christian attitude as a manifestation of the attitude of Christ. These are love, stewardship, self-denial and obedience to God. These norms are then applied to the following modern-day issues in the field of business ethics: the challenge of globalization, respect for basic human rights, remuneration, the corporation as a moral model, the need for self-evaluation, political responsibility and environmental concern. In conclusion I attempt to define the role of Christians and Christian churches in transforming corporations into moral agents.
Four recent books on spirituality and the Psalms : some contextualising, analytical and evaluative remarks
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Lombaard, Christoffel Johannes Stephanus
In the four years from 2002 to 2005, four new books on the Psalms and spirituality have been published. These are: Stuhlmueller, C 2002. The spirituality of the Psalms. Collegeville, Minnesota: Liturgical Press. Brueggemann, W 2002. Spirituality of the Psalms. Minneapolis: Fortress Press. Waaijman, K 2004. Mystiek in de psalmen. Baarn: Uitgeverij Ten Have. Firth, D G 2005. Hear, o Lord. A spirituality of the Psalms. Calver: Cliff College Publishing. In this paper, brief remarks on the context within which this publication trend takes place, are made. Each of the works is then briefly described, and general evaluative remarks are concluded with.
Religious fundamentalism : aspects of a comparative frame-work of understanding
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Kruger, J.S. (Jacobus Stefanus), 1940-
The article presents the outline of a comparative framework for the understanding of religious fundamentalism. The argument is developed around the interrelated aspects of macro-historical religious context, socio-religious context, and the context of religious tradition as a primary dimension of religion. In those overlapping contexts, the possibility of fundamentalism is explained with reference to pre-disposing, precipitating and perpetuating conditions. In terms of the dimension of religious tradition, fundamentalism is expounded in terms of the following three aspects: education, inter-pretation and identity-definition. Fundamentalism emerges as an awkward mix (not a creative synthesis) of traditional and modernist elements in the present breach - with its peculiar characteristics, crises and threats - between epochs.
Pastorale implikasies van die liggaam/denke verbintenis
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Coetzer, Wentzel
Against the background of the body / mind connection the focus is firstly on the Biblical view of man as an unfragmented unity. Secondly the emphasis is on the historical roots of the so called biopsychosocial model that is replacing the traditional biophysical method. Furthermore, the focus is also placed on the possibility of physical problems as the result of unresolved emotions; the immune system as an important link within the body / mind connection; critical life changes; the role of genetics as well as important decisions of the will; social support and loneliness; and, the therapeutical value of writing or verbalization. In conclusion the emphasis is put on the pastoral implications of all the above mentioned factors and a plea is made for the inclusion of the pastoral / spiritual dimension in the biospychosocial model. This will lead to a fully multidisciplinary approach in the counseling of the traumatized and / or emotionally wounded person.
"We are Judean"! The Sayings Gospel Q's redactional approach to the Law
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Cromhout, Markus
This article is focussed on Q's treatment of the Law and what it can tell us about the Q community's Judean ethnic identity. It is argued that part of the reason for the incorporation of the main redaction in Q (here Kloppenborg's Q2 + Q3) was to defend the Judean ethnic identity of the Q people. This becomes evident in its conservative approach to the Law as opposed to that of the formative stratum where the Law was freely reconstructed. Q's approach to the Law is also informed by its Moses / New Exodus typology encountered in the various strata.
On becoming the hands and feet of Christ in an AIDS-ridden community in Swaziland - a story of hope
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Van Wyngaard, Arnau
In terms of the social involvement of the Christian church within the community, it would not be an overstatement to say that never before in history has there been a greater challenge facing the church than the present, finding a way to bring hope to those suffering due to the HIV / AIDS pandemic. Yet, in spite of the enormity of this pandemic, it is possible to make a huge difference in people's lives, making use of a few willing people and a fairly conservative budget. In this article the author attempts to describe the way in which a very small congregation, where the average weekly attendance at church services is seldom more than fifty people and where nearly all members live close to or under the breadline, started making a noticeable difference in their community. Motivated by God's love for them, they decided to share this love in a practical way with all those in the community suffering due to HIV / AIDS and other serious illnesses. This is a story of hope, not only for those who receive help, but even more so, for those who want to give help.
Christosentriese koinonia-dinamiek agter Paulus se hantering van sekere problematiek in 1 Korintiërs
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) De Wet, Burgert Wynand
This article reasons that Paul tends to use a Christosentric koinonia-dynamic as a paradigm for addressing some of the problems in 1 Corinthians. As a test case the problem of the eating of food (especially meat), consecrated and / or sacrificed to the idols during social, as well as cultic occasions, as formulated in 8:1a was chosen. Being part of the macro structure of 8:1-11:1 it becomes clear, especially from 10:14-22 that Paul uses especially the dynamic of a Christosentric koinonia paradigm to address this problem. Focusing on the intensity of koinonia, as it functioned within the holy communion and the sacrificial meal of the Israelites, Paul motivates the Corinthians not to have anything to do with sacrificial heathen meals.
Menslike behoeftes as sistematies-teologiese kernbegrip
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Pauw, Christiaan Johannes
Human needs is not part of the traditional themes of systematic theology or even of theological anthropology. This article argues that human needs is a core concept in systematic theology even though it has not been an explicit theme of systematic theology. The concept of human needs is essentially related to the content of systematic theology. Any articulation of the doctrine of creation, covenant or salvation is underpinned by a view of what human needs are. This article shows that the question of human needs is formally related to systematic theology by referring to the task of systematic theology and the different modes of discourse found in which systematic theology gives expression to this task. This article also suggest a method by which an implicit concept of human needs may be discovered and engaged critically. This is demonstrated by analysis of two designs of theological anthropology: Karl Barth's second part of the third volume of his Church Dogmatics and the fundamental-theological anthropology of Wolfhart Pannenberg.
Erkennen und Scham : Sigmund Freuds biblisches Men-schenbild
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Heine, S.
Sigmund Freud is exposed to two main misunderstandings he himself contributed to. One stands in connection with human beings as Id-driven creatures, particularly with regard to the sexual drive. The other pertains to his view of religion as neurosis. Both overlook the importance Freud attaches to conscience and reason. A closer look at his anthropology shows that there are no contradictions at work, but traits of a biblical image of men.
African spirituality that shapes the concept of Ubuntu
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Masango, Maake J.S.
Nolan (1982:7) shares an interesting concept of spirituality. He says: "The Spiritual life is the whole of one's life insofar as it is motivated and determined by the Holy Spirit, the spirit of Jesus". This kind of spirituality shapes persons in such a way that they grow into the concept of Ubuntu (humanness). In other words, an integrated spirituality is a spirituality in which who we are, and what we do are intimately related. The process of an African spiritualist is also developed within the village. Mbiti reminds us that: "It takes a whole village to raise a child" (Mbiti 1977:23). In short, relationship is part of development of African spirituality. This article further explores on how elders within the village become leaders, and towards the end of their life journey, they becomes teachers and good ancestors, especially to younger generation. It is important to note that those who are good (while living) and are able to pass their knowledge and wisdom to others become good ancestors when they die..
What is a god? Metatheistic assumptions in Old Testament Yahwism(s)
(Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Gericke, Jacobus Wilhelm
In this article, the author provides a prolegomena to further research attempting to answer a most fundamental and basic question - much more so than what has thus far been the case in the disciplines of Old Testament theology and history of Israelite religion. It concerns the implicit assumptions in the Hebrew Bible's discourse about the fundamental nature of deity. In other words, the question is not, "What is YHWH like?" but rather, "what, according to the Old Testament texts, is a god?"
Notes on the foundation of the Federal Theological Seminary of Southern Africa (Fedsem)
(Dutch Reformed Church at the Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria, 2006) Duncan, Graham A.; graham.duncan@up.ac.za
The Federal Theological Seminary of Southern Africa was established in a changing and fluid situation in 1960s South Africa both politically and ecclesiastically. Its foundation can be attributed to the influence of these national and church influences. Politically, the changing context in the educational world in particular and ecclesiastically, a growing tendency towards ecumenism both nationally and internationally contributed to the need for an independent institution which would train ministers for the mainline churches in a deteriorating political context. In addition, there was a strong view that the influence of the Holy Spirit was operative in the political context which 'forced the church to be the church'. '...it was a kairos moment that brought Fedsem into being in the early 1960s' (Ndungane 1998:115).

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