dc.contributor.author |
Rapoport, Bernardo Leon
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Steel, Helen C.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Theron, Annette J.
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Heyman, Liezl
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Smit, Teresa
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Ramdas, Yastira
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Anderson, Ronald
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2020-11-13T05:35:17Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2020-11-13T05:35:17Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2020-07 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is an extremely versatile protein that is located
predominantly in the nucleus of quiescent eukaryotic cells, where it is critically involved in maintaining
genomic structure and function. During cellular stress, however, this multifaceted, cytokine-like
protein undergoes posttranslational modifications that promote its translocation to the cytosol, from
where it is released extracellularly, either actively or passively, according to cell type and stressor.
In the extracellular milieu, HMGB1 triggers innate inflammatory responses that may be beneficial or
harmful, depending on the magnitude and duration of release of this pro-inflammatory protein at
sites of tissue injury. Heightened awareness of the potentially harmful activities of HMGB1, together
with a considerable body of innovative, recent research, have revealed that excessive production of
HMGB1, resulting from misdirected, chronic inflammatory responses, appears to contribute to all the
stages of tumorigenesis. In the setting of established cancers, the production of HMGB1 by tumor
cells per se may also exacerbate inflammation-related immunosuppression. These pro-inflammatory
mechanisms of HMGB1-orchestrated tumorigenesis, as well as the prognostic potential of detection
of elevated expression of this protein in the tumor microenvironment, represent the major thrusts of
this review. |
en_ZA |
dc.description.department |
Immunology |
en_ZA |
dc.description.librarian |
pm2020 |
en_ZA |
dc.description.uri |
http://www.mdpi.com/journal/cells |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.citation |
Rapoport, B.L., Steel, H.C., Theron, A.J. et al. 2020, 'High mobility group box 1 in human cancer', Cells, vol. 9, no. 7, art. 1664, pp. 1-30. |
en_ZA |
dc.identifier.issn |
2073-4409 (online) |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.3390/cells9071664 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76980 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en_ZA |
dc.publisher |
MDPI |
en_ZA |
dc.rights |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee: MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution(CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Cytokines |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Immunosuppression |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Prognostic factor |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Receptor for advanced glycation end-products |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Redox isoforms |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Toll-like receptors |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Tumor microenvironment |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
T regulatory cells |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
Tumorigenesis |
en_ZA |
dc.subject |
High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) |
en_ZA |
dc.title |
High mobility group box 1 in human cancer |
en_ZA |
dc.type |
Article |
en_ZA |