dc.contributor.author |
Mokoka, Tsholofelo Abednego
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
McGaw, Lyndy Joy
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Mdee, Ladislaus Kakore
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Bagla, Victor Patrick
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Iwalewa, Ezekiel Olugbenga
|
|
dc.contributor.author |
Eloff, Jacobus Nicolaas
|
|
dc.date.accessioned |
2014-01-23T07:50:56Z |
|
dc.date.available |
2014-01-23T07:50:56Z |
|
dc.date.issued |
2013-05-20 |
|
dc.description.abstract |
BACKGROUND: Plants of the genus Maytenus belong to the family Celastraceae and are widely used in folk medicine
as anti-tumour, anti-asthmatic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-ulcer agents, and as a treatment
for stomach problems. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify active compounds with antifungal activity
from Maytenus undata after a preliminary study highlighted promising activity in crude extracts.
METHODS: Sequential extracts of M. undata leaves prepared using hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), acetone and
methanol (MeOH) were tested for activity against Cryptococcus neoformans, a fungal organism implicated in
opportunistic infections. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the hexane extract using C. neoformans as test organism
was carried out to isolate antifungal compounds. The cytotoxicity of compounds isolated in sufficient quantities
was evaluated using a tetrazolium-based colorimetric cellular assay (MTT) and a haemagglutination assay (HA).
RESULTS: The hexane extract was most active with an MIC of 20 μg/ml against C. neoformans. The triterpene
compounds friedelin (1), epifriedelanol (2), taraxerol (3), 3-oxo-11α-methoxyolean-12-ene-30-oic acid (4), 3-oxo-11α-
hydroxyolean-12-ene-30-oic acid (5) and 3,11-dihydroxyolean-12-ene-30-oic acid (6) were isolated. Compound 6 was
isolated for the first time from a plant species. The antimicrobial activity of compounds 1, 3, 5 and 6 was
determined against a range of bacteria and fungi implicated in opportunistic and nosocomial infections.
Compounds 5 and 6 were the most active against all the tested microorganisms with MIC values ranging between
24 and 63 μg/ml, except against Staphylococcus aureus which was relatively resistant. Compounds 1 and 3 had a
low toxicity with an LC50 > 200 μg/ml towards Vero cells in the MTT assay. Compounds 5 and 6 were toxic with
LC50 values of 6.03±0.02 and 2.98±0.01 μg/ml, respectively. Compounds 1 and 3 similarly were not toxic to the red
blood cells (RBCs) but compounds 5 and 6 were toxic, showing HA titer values of 1.33 and 0.67 respectively.
CONCLUSIONS: Compounds 5 and 6 were the most active but were also relatively cytotoxic to monkey kidney cells
and red blood cells, while the other isolated compounds were less active and less cytotoxic. |
en |
dc.description.librarian |
am2014 |
en |
dc.description.librarian |
mn2014 |
|
dc.description.uri |
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1472-6882/13/111 |
en |
dc.identifier.citation |
Mokoka et al.: Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of triterpenes isolated from leaves of Maytenus undata (Celastraceae). BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 13:111. |
en |
dc.identifier.issn |
1472-6882 |
|
dc.identifier.other |
10.1186/1472-6882-13-111 |
|
dc.identifier.other |
55952645400 |
|
dc.identifier.other |
7005589445 |
|
dc.identifier.uri |
http://hdl.handle.net/2263/33075 |
|
dc.language.iso |
en |
en |
dc.publisher |
BioMed Central |
en |
dc.rights |
© 2013 Mokoka et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative
Commons Attribution License |
en |
dc.subject |
Maytenus undata |
en |
dc.subject |
Celastraceae |
en |
dc.subject |
Antibacterial |
en |
dc.subject |
Antifungal |
en |
dc.subject |
Cytotoxicity |
en |
dc.subject |
Haemagglutination assay |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Alternative medicine -- South Africa |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Materia medica, Vegetable |
en |
dc.subject.lcsh |
Medicinal plants |
en |
dc.title |
Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of triterpenes isolated from leaves of Maytenus undata (Celastraceae) |
en |
dc.type |
Article |
en |