Williams, Geoffrey M.Ginzel, Matthew D.Ma, ZhaoAdams, Damian C.Campbell, FaithLovett, Gary M.Pildain, Maria BelenRaffa, Kenneth F.Gandhi, Kamal J.K.Santini, AlbertoSniezko, Richard A.Wingfield, Michael J.Bonello, Pierluigi2024-03-082024-03-082023Williams, G.M., Ginzel, M.D., Ma, Z. et al. 2023, 'The global forest health crisis : a public-good social dilemma in need of international collective action', Annual review of phytopathology, vol. 61, pp. 377-401. DOI : https://DOI.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-021722-024626.0066-4286 (print)1545-2107 (online)10.1146/annurev-phyto-021722-024626http://hdl.handle.net/2263/95107ERRATA : An online log of corrections to Annual Review of Phytopathology articles may be found at http://www.annualreviews.org/errata/phytoSociety is confronted by interconnected threats to ecological sustainability. Among these is the devastation of forests by destructive non-native pathogens and insects introduced through global trade, leading to the loss of critical ecosystem services and a global forest health crisis.We argue that the forest health crisis is a public-good social dilemma and propose a response framework that incorporates principles of collective action. This framework enables scientists to better engage policymakers and empowers the public to advocate for proactive biosecurity and forest health management. Collective action in forest health features broadly inclusive stakeholder engagement to build trust and set goals; accountability for destructive pest introductions; pooled support for weakest-link partners; and inclusion of intrinsic and nonmarket values of forest ecosystems in risk assessment. We provide short-term and longer-term measures that incorporate the above principles to shift the societal and ecological forest health paradigm to a more resilient state.enThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Biological invasionsNatural resource policyGlobal changeClimate changeConservation of biodiversitySDG-15: Life on landArticle