Etando, AyukafanghaAmu, Adefolarin A.Haque, MainulSchellack, NatalieKurdi, AmanjAlrasheedy, Alian A.Timoney, AngelaMwita, JuliusRwegerera, Godfrey MutashambaraPatrick, OkwenNiba, Loveline LumBoahen-Boaten, Baffour BoatenTabi, Felicity BesongAmu, Olufunke Y.Acolatse, JosephIncoom, RobertSefah, Israel AbebreseGuantai, Anastasia NkathaOpanga, SylviaChikowe, IbrahimKhuluza, FelixKibuule, DanKalemeera, FrancisHango, EsterLates, JennieFadare, JosephOgunleye, Olayinka O.Saleem, ZikriaOosthuizen, FrasiaCordier, WernerMatlala, MoliehiMeyer, Johanna CatharinaSchellack, GustavMassele, AmosMalande, Oliver OmbevaKalungia, Aubrey ChichonyiSichone, JamesBanda, Sekelani S.Zaranyika, TrustCampbell, StephenGodman, Brian2022-08-162022-08-162021-12-13Etando, A.; Amu, A.A.; Haque, M.; Schellack, N.; Kurdi, A.; Alrasheedy, A.A.; Timoney, A.; Mwita, J.C.; Rwegerera, G.M.; Patrick, O.; et al. Challenges and Innovations Brought about by the COVID-19 Pandemic Regarding Medical and Pharmacy Education Especially in Africa and Implications for the Future. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1722. https://DOI.org/ 10.3390/healthcare91217222227-9032 (online)10.3390/healthcare9121722https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/86806SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL : Supplementary Table S1: Summary of activities and challenges among faculty and students across Africa in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; Supplementary Table S2: Challenges faced by Universities and students across Africa as a result of the pandemic; Supplementary Table S3: Summary of responses am ong institutions across Africa to the pandemic and its impact on educational approaches for physicians and pharmacists.BACKGROUND : Multiple measures introduced early to restrict COVID-19 have dramatically impacted the teaching of medical and pharmacy students, exacerbated by the lack of infrastructure and experience with e-learning at the start of the pandemic. In addition, the costs and reliability of the Internet across Africa pose challenges alongside undertaking clinical teaching and practical programmes. Consequently, there is a need to understand the many challenges and how these were addressed, given increasingly complex patients, to provide future direction. METHOD : An exploratory study was conducted among senior-level medical and pharmacy educators across Africa, addressing four key questions, including the challenges resulting from the pandemic and how these were dealt with. RESULTS : Staff and student members faced multiple challenges initially, including adapting to online learning. In addition, concerns with the lack of equipment (especially among disadvantaged students), the costs of Internet bundles, and how to conduct practicals and clinical teaching. Multiple activities were undertaken to address these challenges. These included training sessions, developing innovative approaches to teaching, and seeking ways to reduce Internet costs. Robust approaches to practicals, clinical teaching, and assessments have been developed. CONCLUSIONS : Appreciable difficulties to teaching arising from the pandemic are being addressed across Africa. Research is ongoing to improve education and assessments.en© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.AfricaCross country learninge-LearningHybrid approachesInternet platformsMental healthMedical educationPharmacy educationCOVID-19 pandemicCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Article