Nolte, KimKruger, P.E. (Pieter Ernst)Els, Pieter Schalk2011-08-232012-12-312011-06Nolte, K, Krüger, PE & Els, PS 2011, 'Three dimensional musculoskeletal modelling of the seated biceps curl resistance training exercise', Sport Biomechanics, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.146-160.1476-3141 (print)1752-6116 (online)10.1080/14763141.2011.577441http://hdl.handle.net/2263/17119The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits and limitations of using three dimensional (3D) musculoskeletal modelling (LifeModeler™) in assessing the safety and efficacy of exercising on a seated biceps curl resistance training machine. Three anthropometric cases were studied, representing a 5th percentile female, 50th percentile and 95th percentile male. Results indicated that the LifeModeler™ default model was not adequate to solve the forward dynamics simulations. Therefore adjustments had to be made to the default model to successfully complete the forward dynamics simulations. The software was able to sufficiently highlight the shortcomings of the biceps curl machine’s engineered adjustability in relation to the anthropometric dimensions of the studied cases, as the 5th percentile female could not be accommodated suitably on the machine. High lumbar spine anterior/posterior shear forces for all anthropometric cases and maximum muscle tensions for the female and 50th percentile male indicate that the seated biceps curl exercise may pose risks for injuries. To conclude, it appears that 3D musculoskeletal modelling can be used to evaluate resistance training equipment such as the seated biceps curl machine. However the limitations as indicated by this study must be taken into consideration, especially when using the default LifemodelerTM model.en© Taylor & Francis. This is an electronic version of an article published in Sports Biomechanics, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 146-160, June. Sports Biomechanics is available online at : http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/rspb . This article is embargoed by the publisher until December 2012.Seated biceps curl resistance training machineThree dimensional (3D)Musculoskeletal modellingMusculoskeletal system -- EvaluationThree-dimensional imagingPhysical education and training -- Safety measuresPostprint Article