Dantas‑Torres, FilipeKetzis, JenniferTort, Gabriela PerezMihalca, Andrei DanielBaneth, GadOtranto, DomenicoWatanabe, MalaikaLinh, Bui KhanhInpankaew, TawinBorras, PabloArumugam, SangaranPenzhorn, Barend LouisYbanez, Adrian PatalinghugIrwin, PeterTraub, Rebecca J.2024-09-062024-09-062023-04-28Dantas‑Torres, F., Ketzis, J., Tort, G.P. et al. 2023, 'Heartworm adulticide treatment : a tropical perspective', Parasites & Vectors, vol. 16, no. 148, pp. 1-8. https://DOI.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05690-8.1756-3305 (online)10.1186/s13071-023-05690-8http://hdl.handle.net/2263/98065The American Heartworm Society for organizing and sponsoring the article collection dedicated to the 2022 American Heartworm Society Triennial Symposium.Dirofilaria immitis (the canine heartworm) is widespread in the tropics, with prevalence surpassing 30% in high-risk areas. In addition to the suitable climatic conditions that favour mosquito abundance and filarial larva development, there is low compliance with the recommended year-round use of preventives in these transmission hotspots. This represents a major concern, considering that melarsomine (first-line heartworm adulticide) is unavailable in several tropical countries, resulting in the so-called slow-kill protocol being the only available adulticide treatment option. In this article, the members of TroCCAP (Tropical Council for Companion Animal Parasites) review the current distribution of heartworm in the tropics and the availability of melarsomine, and discuss alternatives for the management of heartworm infections in dogs.en© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.Dirofilaria immitisMosquitoesMelarsomineMoxidectinIvermectinDoxycyclinePreventionOne HealthCanine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis)SDG-03: Good health and well-beingSDG-13: Climate actionArticle