Kang, KevinKirberger, Robert M.Hosgood, GiselleStander, Nerissa2023-01-202023-01-202022-06Kang, K., Kirberger, R.M., Hosgood, G. & Stander, N. Computed tomographic, ultrasonographic, MRI and radiographic findings of a venous malformation with phleboliths in the thoracic limb of a dog. Veterinary Record Case Reports 2022; 10: e347. https://doi.org/10.1002/vrc2.347.2052-6121 (online)10.1002/vrc2.347https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/88910An 11-month-old entire male Rottweiler was referred for further investigation of raised, soft, compressible, non-pulsatile, subcutaneous tubular structures along the right antebrachium that had been diagnosed to be a vascular malformation on histopathology of a subcutaneous biopsy. Computed tomographic (CT) with angiography did not reveal an arteriovenous malformation or fistula. Ultrasonography of the limb demonstrated a venous malformation with thrombi and phleboliths. An MRI study of the limb was consistent with a venous malformation with small rounded luminal signal voids that were confirmed to be phleboliths. Radiography at follow-up demonstrated phleboliths. This is the first report describing the combined CT, ultrasonographic, MRI and radiographic characteristics of venous malformation with phleboliths in a limb of a dog.en© 2022 The Authors. Veterinary Record Case Reports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Veterinary Association. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.Dogs (Canis familiaris)Computed tomography (CT)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)UltrasonographyMalformationRadiographyThoracic limbArticle