Rossouw, Theresa M.Hitchcock, Sonia AnneBotes, Mariette2016-06-202016-06-202016-05-31Rossouw TM, Hitchcock S, Botes M. The end of the line? A case of drug resistance to third-line antiretroviral therapy. S Afr J HIV Med. 2016;17(1), a454. http://dx. DOI.org/ 10.4102/sajhivmed.v17i1.454.1608-9693 (print)2078-6751 (online)10.4102/sajhivmed.v17i1.454http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53251HIV drug resistance has been described in all antiretroviral drug classes and threatens the long-term success of HIV treatment. Here, we describe the first reported case of acquired resistance to the integrase strand transfer inhibitors in South Africa. This case illustrates the dilemma of treatment in the context of inadequate adherence and poor psychosocial support and highlights the potential risk of transmission of multidrug-resistant virus.en© 2016. The Authors. Licensee: AOSIS. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License.TreatmentMultidrug-resistant virusHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)South Africa (SA)Antiretroviral therapy (ART)multiHealth sciences articles SDG-03SDG-03: Good health and well-beingArticle