Haeri Mazanderani, Ahmad F.Ebrahim, Osman2013-10-112013-10-112013-06Haeri Mazanderani, AF & Ebrahim, O 2013, 'Progressive HIV infection in the presence of a raised CD4+ count : HIV/HTLV-1 co-infection', Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 92-94.1608-9693 (print)2078-6751 (online)10.7196/SAJHIVMED.904http://hdl.handle.net/2263/32025There are a number of pathophysiological causes for a normal or raised CD4 count in the context of progressive HIV infection. These include various co-infections, previous splenectomy, and lymphoproliferative disorders. Such circumstances can both confound HIV diagnosis and delay initiation of chemoprophylaxis and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We describe the case of a patient co-infected with HIV and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) who, prior to HAART initiation, was found to have progressive immune deficiency associated with a raised CD4 count.enHealth and Medical Publishing GroupHIV infectionRaised CD4 countHuman T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)HIV infections -- DiagnosisArticle