Kloppenborg Verbin, J.S.Kloppenborg, John S., 1951-2011-01-072011-01-071999Kloppenborg Verbin, JS 1999, 'Patronage avoidance in James', HTS Teologiese Studies/ Theological Studies, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 755-794.0259-9422 (print)http://hdl.handle.net/2263/15461Spine cut of Journal binding and pages scanned on flatbed EPSON Expression 10000 XL; 400dpi; text/lineart - black and white - stored to Tiff Derivation: Abbyy Fine Reader v.9 work with PNG-format (black and white); Photoshop CS3; Adobe Acrobat v.9 Web display format PDFJames 2:1-13 takes the form of a rhetorical "elaboration on a theme" described in Ps-Cicero's Rhetorica ad Herennium 2.18.28, and is directed not merely at the abstract issue of partiality or the issue of rich versus poor, but at the practice of patronage and its attendant effects on social interaction. James attacks the practice of patronage and reliance on the stereotypes of patronage as demeaning pseudo-friendship as well as the client, and contrasts this with true friendship from God.enFaculty of Theology, University of PretoriaJames 2:1-13Bible -- N.T. -- James II, 1-13 -- Criticism, interpretation, etc.Patronage, EcclesiasticalSocial interactionArticle